373例儿童血清过敏原检测结果分析  

An Analysis of Serum Allergen Detection in 373 Children

作　　者：郭娜 张静冉 张慧芸 GUO Na;ZHANG Jingran;ZHANG Huiyun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,East Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东方医院检验科,北京100078

出　　处：《标记免疫分析与临床》2024年第7期1199-1206,1210,共9页Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：北京中医药大学青年教师项目(编号:2019-JYB-JS-143)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市丰台区儿童过敏原的分布特征,为临床诊疗及预防提供参考。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年12月就诊于北京中医药大学东方医院0~17岁373例可疑过敏性患儿的血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(specific immmunoglobulin E,sIgE)水平及在不同年龄、不同性别、不同季节的分布特征,并比较不同过敏原致敏的相关性。结果吸入性过敏原前四位分别为念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉(36.46%)、猫毛皮屑(30.56%)、狗毛皮屑(23.32%)和户尘螨(20.38%)。食入性过敏原前四位分别为牛奶(50.13%)、鸡蛋白(15.01%)、鸡蛋黄(9.65%)和小麦/荞麦(9.12%)。过敏原阳性率在患儿性别上差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.004,P=1.000)。不同年龄、不同季节过敏原种类分布存在一定差异。猫毛皮屑与狗毛皮屑、牛奶与鸡蛋白呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论北京市丰台区儿童吸入性过敏原以念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉和猫毛皮屑为主,食入性过敏原以牛奶和鸡蛋白为主,过敏原种类在不同年龄、性别、季节组间存在一定差异,且不同过敏原致敏存在一定的相关性。Objective To investigate distribution characteristics of allergens in children in Fengtai district,Beijing,and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis,treatment,and prevention.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on serum allergen-specific immmunoglobulin E(sIgE)levels and distribution characteristics of sIgE in different age,gender,and season groups among 373 children aged 0-17 years with suspected allergies who were admitted to Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January,2022 to December,2023,and correlations of different allergen sensitization were identified and compared.Results The top four positive rates of inhaled allergens were Candida/Penicillium nodularis/Cladophorium/Alternaria spp/Aspergillus Niger(36.46%),cat dander(30.56%),dog dander(23.32%),and house dust mite(20.38%).The top intake food allergens were milk(50.13%),egg white(15.01%),egg yellow(9.65%),and wheat/buckwheat(9.12%).There was no difference in the positive rate of allergens between gender groups of children(χ^(2)=0.004,P=1.000).There were differences in allergens distribution among different age and season groups.Cat dander had a positive correlation with dog dander,milk and egg white(P<0.05).Conclusion The main inhaled allergens of children in Fengtai district,Beijing are Candida/Penicillium nodularis/Cladophorium/Alternaria spp/Aspergillus Niger and cat dander,while milk and egg white are the main intake allergen.Furthermore,there are significant differences in the types of allergens among different age,gender,and season groups,while correlations of sensitization with different allergens exist.

关 键 词：儿童 过敏 特异性免疫球蛋白E 吸入性过敏原 食入性过敏原 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]