深海采矿系统分离式和组合式布放对比研究  

Comparative study of separate and combined type deployment methods in deep-sea mining systems

作　　者：孙思宇 梁旭[1] 吴延斌 游鹏 孔令澎 SUN Siyu;LIANG Xu;WU Yanbin;YOU Peng;KONG Lingpeng(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China;CNOOC Research Institute Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021 [2]中海油研究总院有限责任公司,北京100028

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第4期164-176,共13页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB2602800);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879231,51679214)。

摘　　要：深海大洋中蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源,如果能实现商业化开采将成为解决能源危机的潜在途径。对矿物进行开采的前提是将采矿设备安全、精准地布放在指定地点,目前提出分离式和组合式2种布放方案,但二者优劣还未可知。基于集中质量法分别建立分离式和组合式深海采矿系统布放模型,根据矿物属性设置1500、3000和4500 m水深3种工况,对2种布放方式进行对比研究。结果表明:1)分离式布放能更好地控制采矿设备位移精度,与组合式布放相比,采矿车精度可平均提高9.92%,中继舱可平均提高11.38%,组合式扬矿管底端弯矩明显大于分离式,平均为分离式的3.5倍,若对布放精度要求较高可优先考虑分离式布放;2)分离式布放遭遇复杂海况时软管和布放缆易发生绞缠,最大绞缠力可达20.91 kN,可能引起管线磨损、破断,因此海况较为复杂时可优先考虑组合式布放。The deep oceans abundant mineral resources,which,if commercially exploited,could become a potential solution to the energy crisis.The prerequisite for mining these minerals is the safe and precise deployment of mining equipment at designated locations.Currently,two deployment schemes have been proposed:separate and combined deployment methods,but their relative advantages remain unclear.Based on the lumped mass method,models for the separate and combined type deployment of deep-sea mining systems were established.The study compared the two deployment methods under three working conditions with depths of 1500,3000,and 4500 m,according to mineral properties.The results indicate that:1)Separate type deployment can better control the displacement accuracy of mining equipment,with the mining vehicle’s displacement accuracy improving by an average of 9.92% and the buffer by 11.38% compared with combined type deployment.The bending moment at the bottom end of the combined type lifting pipe is significantly greater than that of the separate type,averaging 3.5 times higher.Separate type deployment is preferable if high placement accuracy is required.2)Under complex sea conditions,the hoses and deployment cables in separate type deployment are prone to entanglement,with the maximum entanglement force reaching 20.91 kN,which may cause pipeline wear and breakage.Therefore,combined type deployment is recommended in complex sea conditions.

关 键 词：深海采矿 布放系统 分离式 组合式 集中质量法 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]