普通话人工耳蜗植入儿童早期词汇发展特征  

Early vocabulary development in Mandarin children with cochlear implantation

作　　者：李金铭 王敏[1] 罗建芬[1] 王睿婕[1] 晁秀华 樊兆民[1] 王海波[1] 徐磊[1] Li Jinming;Wang Min;Luo Jianfen;Wang Ruijie;Chao Xiuhua;Fan Zhaomin;Wang Haibo;Xu Lei(Department of Auditory Implantation,Shandong University Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital,Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital,Shandong Provincial Institute of Otolaryngology,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学山东省耳鼻喉医院、山东省第二人民医院听觉植入科,山东省耳鼻喉研究所,济南250022

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2024年第7期696-704,共9页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(82196821);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82071053,81800905);山东省自然科学基金重点基础研究计划(ZR2021ZD40);山东省泰山学者工程-青年专家计划(tsqn202211357);山东大学横向课题(6010420001)。

摘　　要：目的通过对汉语普通话人工耳蜗植入(cochlear implantation,CI)儿童开机后词汇理解及表达的随访,了解其词汇的发展特征,建立普通话CI儿童早期词汇发展的参考数据。方法选取山东省耳鼻喉医院听觉植入科2019年10月至2022年12月期间827例在2.5岁前植入人工耳蜗的儿童,其中男性411例、女性416例。分别在开机时及开机后1、3、6、9、12个月,使用普通话早期词汇量表(Early Vocabulary Inventory for Mandarin Chinese,EVI)中的婴儿版词表来评估CI儿童的理解性词汇和表达性词汇的数量及内容。应用SPSS 22.0软件统计CI儿童开机1年以内理解性词汇及表达性词汇量,采用R软件描绘不同百分位数下CI儿童理解性词汇及表达性词汇的数量及发展趋势,同时采用EXCEL软件计算并列出了CI儿童最先表达的前50个词汇。结果开机1年以内,随人工耳蜗使用时间延长,CI儿童的理解性词汇量和表达性词汇量均持续增加。理解性词汇量从0个(中位数,下同)单词增加到178个单词,表达性词汇量从0个单词增加到97个单词。开机1年时理解及表达性词汇数量均优于听觉年龄匹配的正常听力儿童,但落后于生理年龄匹配的正常听力儿童。对于词性的理解和表达的掌握顺序依次为名词、动词、形容词和代词。在CI儿童会表达的前50个词中,名词占比最多,其次为动词、形容词和代词。父亲受教育水平可以显著正向预测CI儿童开机1年时的理解性词汇。开机1年时,处于第10、25、50、75、90百分位数的CI儿童对应的理解性词汇量和表达性词汇量分别为113、149、178、202、223以及9、37、97、148、188个。结论普通话CI儿童开机1年以内早期词汇的发展特征为随着开机时间的延长,理解性词汇量和表达性词汇量也随之持续增加,且理解先与表达;词汇发展速度快于听觉年龄匹配的听力正常儿童,但仍落后于生理年龄匹配的听力正常儿童。CObjective To investigate the development of receptive and expressive vocabulary in Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants(CI)during the first year after CI activation.Methods A total of 827 children(411 boys and 416 girls)who were implanted CI before 2.5 years of age from October 2019 to December 2022 in the Department of Auditory Implantation,Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital were included in this study.The Infant Checklist of the Mandarin Early Vocabulary Inventory(EVI)was used to assess the quantity and content of receptive and expressive vocabulary at the time of CI activation and at the 1st,3rd,6th,9th,12th months post-activation.SPSS 22.0 was used to describe the receptive and expressive vocabulary of CI children at the first year after activation.Results During the first year after CI activation,CI children′s receptive and expressive vocabulary consistently increased with the CI usage.The average number of receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary respectively increased from 0 to 178,and from 0 to 97.At the first year of post-activation,the number of receptive and expressive vocabulary of CI children were superior to that of hearing-age matched typical-hearing children,but fell behind of that of chronological age matched typical-hearing children.In terms of lexical categories,receptive and expressive vocabulary was acquired in the following order:nouns,verbs,adjectives,and pronouns.Among the top 50 words that CI children could express,nouns were the most common,then followed by verbs,adjectives,and pronouns.Father′s education level can significantly and positively predictethe receptive vocabulary of CI children at the first year post-activation.At the first year after CI activation,the 10th,25th,50th,75th,and 90th percentiles were 113,149,178,202,223 for the receptive vocabulary,and 9,37,97,148,188 for expressive vocabulary.ConclusionFor Mandarin speaking children with CI,the receptive and expression vocabulary continuely increased within the first year after CI activation.The ability to

关 键 词：耳蜗植入术 儿童 言语 词汇 

分 类 号：R764.9[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]