使用普通话听力正常婴幼儿和学龄前儿童言语能力发育研究  

A normative study of speech development in Mandarin-speaking infants and children

作　　者：孟超[1] 钟妍[1] 徐天秋 郭倩倩[1] 陈雪清[1] Meng Chao;Zhong Yan;Xu Tianqiu;Guo Qianqian;Chen Xueqing(Department of Neurootology,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经耳科,北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京100730

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2024年第7期714-718,共5页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2022-4-1093)。

摘　　要：目的采用有意义使用言语量表(Meaningful Use of Speech Scale,MUSS)测量使用普通话的听力正常婴幼儿和儿童的言语能力发育正常值,为听力损失患儿的言语能力评估提供正常值对照。方法2012年9月至2023年1月共有256名月龄为1~60个月的北京地区普通话语言交流环境下的婴幼儿和学龄前儿童参与MUSS问卷调查,经过病史采集、耳聋高危因素排查和听力学检查,最终200名婴幼儿和儿童通过所有检查项,其问卷结果纳入统计分析,其中男105名,女95名。按照生理年龄将受试儿童分为10组(1月龄组、2~3月龄组、4~6月龄组、7~9月龄组、10~12月龄组、13~18月龄组、19~24月龄组、25~36月龄组、37~48月龄组和49~60月龄组),每组20人。采用SPSS19.0软件进行数据分析,根据拟合曲线计算回归方程。结果听力正常婴幼儿和儿童的MUSS得分随月龄的增加而提高,在56.5月龄时达到满分。回归方程为:得分=-0.0093×(月龄)^(2)+2.179×(月龄)+6.7186,r2=0.85;月龄=0.0039×(得分)^(2)+0.1484×(得分)+2.708,r^(2)=0.85。结论普通话听力正常婴幼儿和学龄前儿童言语能力得分随月龄增加呈增长趋势,根据得分和月龄,分别可推断出言语能力发育年龄和与年龄相对应的言语能力得分,可为听力损失患儿言语发育情况的评估提供正常值对照。Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the development of speech ability in Mandarin-speaking infants and children with normal hearing using MUSS and to provide a normal value control for the evaluation of speech ability in children with hearing loss.Methods From September 2012 to January 2023,a total of 256 infants and children aged 1-60 months in Mandarin language environment participated in this study.200 infants and children aged from 1 to 60 months were finally included,whose hearing was considered normal according to the history collection,high-risk registers for hearing loss and hearing screening.All infants and children were divided into 10 groups with 20 infants or children in each group.They were:1 month,2-3 months,4-6 months,7-9 months,10-12 months,13-18 months,19-24 months,25-36 months,37-48 months,and 49-60 months.Using SPSS 19.0 software for data analysis,we calculated regression equations based on fitting curves.Results The language ability of infants and children with normal hearing increased with age and reached ceiling at 56.5months.The regression equation was:score=-0.0093×(age)^(2)+2.179×(age)+6.7186,r^(2)=0.85;age=0.0039×(score)2+0.1484×(score)+2.708,r^(2)=0.85.Conclusions The speech ability of infants and children with normal hearing shows an increasing trend with age.Scores of different speech skills can be predicted according to their age.Age can also be predicted according to their scores of different speech skills.

关 键 词：言语 问卷调查 婴儿 儿童 

分 类 号：R767.92[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]