大型全可动射电望远镜结构设计进展与挑战  

Progress and Challenges in the Structural Design of Large Fully-steerable Radio Telescopes

作　　者：冯树飞 班友 连培园 王伟[4] FENG Shufei;BAN You;LIAN Peiyuan;WANG Wei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan 523808;Department of Electrical Engineering,Katholieke Universiteit Leuven,Leuven 3001,Belgium;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047;School of Mechnao-Electronic Engineering,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071)

机构地区：[1]东莞理工学院机械工程学院,东莞523808 [2]鲁汶大学电气工程系,比利时鲁汶3001 [3]新疆大学机械工程学院,乌鲁木齐830047 [4]西安电子科技大学机电工程学院,西安710071

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第13期330-344,共15页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515111043,2023A1515010703);国家自然科学基金(12303094,52271144,52165053);国家留学基金委(202108440139)资助项目。

摘　　要：面对日益增长的射电望远镜口径和工作频率,如何满足复杂环境载荷下的望远镜性能,是大型全可动射电望远镜结构设计的难点。首先对射电望远镜的结构设计进行了概述,接着,回顾了国内外典型大型全可动射电望远镜的结构设计特点,展示了等刚度思想下保型设计,以及机电一体化设计所取得的成功,最后,针对下一代大型亚毫米波射电望远镜所面临的超高精度挑战,结合研究现状,概述了保型拓扑优化设计、多组件耦合设计、光机电一体化设计、可靠性设计、机/结构创新设计以及精准建模等方向的研究趋势。As the aperture and operating frequency of radio telescopes continue to increase,meeting the performance of the telescope under complex environmental loads becomes a challenging aspect in the structural design of large fully steerable radio telescopes.An overview of the structural design of radio telescopes is provided initially.,then reviews the structural design characteristics of typical large fully steerable radio telescopes,showcasing the significant success achieved through the concept of equal rigidity in homologous design,as well as the design of mechatronics.Finally,aiming at the ultra-high precision challenges of next generation submillimeter telescope,the research trends in the directions of topology optimization design,multi-component coupling design,opto-mechanical integration design,reliability design,mechanism/structure innovation design,and accurate modeling are outlined.

关 键 词：射电望远镜 反射面天线 保型设计 机电一体化 环境载荷 

分 类 号：TN823[电子电信—信息与通信工程]