牛粪与草屑不同配比对蚯蚓生长、繁殖及蚓粪肥力的影响  

Effects of Different Proportions of Cow Manure and Grass Cuttingson the Growth, Reproduction and Fecundity of Earthworm

作　　者：吴丽娟 连海 陈荣强 邱静芸 欧翔 黄志文 雷小文 WU Lijuan;LIAN Hai;CHEN Rongqiang;QIU Jingyun;OU Xiang;HUANG Zhiwen;LEI Xiaowen(Ganzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries,341000,Ganzhou,Jiangxi,PRC;Quannan Agriculture and Rural Bureau,341800,Ganzhou,Jiangxi,PRC)

机构地区：[1]赣州市畜牧水产研究所,江西赣州341000 [2]全南县农业农村局,江西赣州341800

出　　处：《江西科学》2024年第4期704-709,715,共7页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展项目(20221ZDF03017);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程项目(赣人社发﹝2022﹞34号)。

摘　　要：为减少畜禽粪污及草屑对环境造成的污染,促进资源循环利用和绿色农业的发展,探讨牛粪与草屑不同配比对蚯蚓生长、繁殖及蚓粪肥力的影响。以牛粪为蚯蚓养殖基料,分别添加0(T1组)、25%(T2组)、50%(T3组)、75%(T4组)的草屑进行为期60 d的蚯蚓养殖。结果表明,各组蚯蚓体平均体质量呈先上升后下降的规律;T1、T2、T3组的蚯蚓平均体长度在前15 d逐渐增加,而后趋于稳定。各组的蚯蚓产茧量均呈现先增加后下降的趋势,其中T2组最高。各组pH均趋向中性,电导率(EC)值均上升,有机质的含量均下降,而总氮、总磷、总钾含量均提高;各组蚓粪中细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量显著提高,且均以T2组最大。在重金属含量方面,各组蚓粪中重金属含量呈下降规律,其中T2组降幅最大。综上所述,通过添加草屑进行牛粪养殖蚯蚓是有效的废弃物处理方法。当草屑添加量为25%时,更有利于蚯蚓的生长及繁殖,并促进蚓粪中有机质的降解、微生物数量的增加和肥力的提高,同时也有效降低了蚓粪中重金属含量。In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by livestock manure and grass clippings,and promote the recycling of resources and the development of green agriculture,the experiment explored the effects of different proportions of cow dung and grass clippings on earthworm growth,reproduction and the vermicompost fertility.With cow dung as the base material,0(T1 group),25%(T2 group),50%(T3 group)and 75%(T4 group)of grass clippings were added respectively for 60 days of the cultivation of earthworms.The results showed that the average body weight of earthworms in each group experienced a pattern of initial increase followed by a decrease.The average body length of earthworms in T1,T2 and T3 groups increased gradually in the first 15 days, and then tended to be stable. The cocoon production of earthworms in all groups showed atrend of first increasing and then decreasing, among which the T2 group was the highest. pH of allgroups tended to be neutral, electrical conductivity (EC) value increased, organic matter contentdecreased, while total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents increased. The numberof bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the vermicast was significantly increased in all groups,with the highest in group T2. In terms of heavy metal content, the heavy metal content of each groupshowed a decreasing trend, with the largest reduction in the T2 group. To sum up, it is an effectivewaste disposal method to breed earthworms in cow manure by adding grass clippings. When the amountof grass clippings was 25%, it was more conducive to the growth and reproduction of earthworms,the promotion of the degradation of organic matter, the increase of the number of microorganismsand the improvement of fertility. At the same time, it also effectively reduced the content ofheavy metals in earthworms.

关 键 词：草屑 牛粪 生长繁殖 蚓粪肥力 

分 类 号：S899.8[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]