催化材料的空间限域效应及其低温脱硝应用  

The Space Confinement Effect of Catalytic Materials and Its Application in Low Temperature Denitration

作　　者：张巍[1,2] 伍乔 付业昊 梁垚城 阮敏 尹艳山[1,2] 成珊 Wei Zhang;Qiao Wu;Yehao Fu;Yaocheng Liang;Min Ruan;Yanshan Yin;Shan Cheng(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Renewable Energy Power Technology Key Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院,长沙410114 [2]可再生能源电力技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410114

出　　处：《化学进展》2024年第6期928-938,共11页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52006016);湖南省自然科学基金(Nos.2023JJ30047,2021JJ40573,2020JJ4098);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目重点项目(No.21A0216);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(Nos.202B041,22B0291);长沙市自然科学基金(No.kq2014104);长沙理工大学青年教师成长计划项目(No.2019QJCZ044)资助。

摘　　要：多孔材料的空间限域效应可以改变表面电子分布和电子传输性能,实现微纳孔域中的局部反应,有效防止外部环境对限域空间内活性物质产生影响,并抑制活性中心的团聚,是强化催化剂脱硝性能的有效途径。本文聚焦于不同催化材料表面能、周期性边界条件和电子能级的变化,探讨了空间限域效应的形成机制;阐述了限域效应对反应过程中活性物种分散性、氧化还原能力和分子吸附强度的影响以及限域效应中尺寸效应、封装效应和分子筛效应的调控策略;并总结了限域催化剂在脱硝过程中对NH3吸附性、反应选择性、抗毒性以及脱硝活性的强化作用,最后对限域型脱硝催化剂的发展前景做出了展望。The spatial confinement effect of porous materials can change the surface electron distribution and electron transport performance,realize the local reaction in the micro-nano pore domain,effectively prevent the external environment from affecting the active substances in the confined space,and inhibit the agglomeration of the active center,which is an effective way to strengthen the denitrification performance of the catalyst.This paper focuses on the changes in surface energy,periodic boundary conditions and electronic energy levels of different catalytic materials,and discusses the formation mechanism of the spatial confinement effect.The effects of confinement effect on the dispersion of active species,redox ability and molecular adsorption strength in the reaction process and the regulation strategies of size effect,encapsulation effect and molecular sieve effect in confinement effect were described.The strengthening effects of confined catalysts on NH3 adsorption performance,reaction selectivity,anti-toxicity and denitrification activity in the denitrification process were summarized.Finally,the development prospect of confined denitrification catalysts was prospected.

关 键 词：多孔材料 限域效应 催化机制 调控策略 低温脱硝 

分 类 号：O.643[理学]