自乳化硫共聚物的合成及绿色交联胶乳  

Synthesis of Self-emulsified Sulfur Copolymer for Green Crosslinking of Rubber Latex

作　　者：易俊博 唐征海[1] 汪冬 郭宝春[1] 张立群 Jun-bo Yi;Zheng-hai Tang;Dong Wang;Bao-chun Guo;Li-qun Zhang(Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy&Information Polymer Materials,Institute of Emergent Elastomers,School of Materials Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院、前沿弹性体研究院、广东省高等学校能源与信息高分子材料基础研究卓越中心,广州510640

出　　处：《高分子学报》2024年第8期966-975,共10页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号52322303,52073097,52130305);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(基金号2023B1515020085);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助.

摘　　要：近年来,以元素硫和乙烯基单体经反向硫化合成硫共聚物受到广泛关注.本研究基于元素硫、聚山梨酯80和1,3-二异丙烯基苯反向硫化制备了一种在水中可自乳化的硫共聚物(STD),研究了单体投料比对STD结构和产率的影响.激光粒度分布分析仪和扫描电子显微镜结果表明,STD乳液平均粒径约76nm,可长时间稳定分散.进一步,将STD作为羧基丁腈橡胶胶乳交联剂,系统研究了STD含量和结构对交联橡胶性能的影响规律.研究表明,STD中硫的含量和聚山梨酯80的含量分别通过影响交联密度和增塑效应共同决定交联橡胶性能.相较于硫磺水分散体,STD乳液更稳定、粒径更小、反应活性更高,无需使用有害的含锌促进剂即可实现胶乳交联,且交联网络力学性能更优异,为胶乳绿色交联和制品高性能化提供了一种新途径.Sulfur dispersion is the most common crosslinking agent for latex vulcanization.However,sulfur dispersion is unstable and its preparation process is complex,and toxic zinc-containing accelerators should be used together for effective crosslinking.In recent years,synthesizing sulfur copolymers through inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur and vinyl monomers has received widespread attention.Herein,self-emulsified sulfur copolymers(STD)were prepared by inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur,polysorbide 80 and 1,3-diisopropylbenzene.The effect of monomer feed ratio on the structure and yield of STD was studied.According to laser particle size distribution analyzer and scanning electron microscope measurements,STD emulsion could be stably dispersed in water for a long time with an average size of about 80 nm.Further,STD was used as the crosslinking agent for carboxylated nitrile rubber latex,and the influences of STD content and composition on the properties of crosslinked rubber were systematically studied.The results showed that the fractions of sulfur and polysorbate 80 in STD determine the properties of crosslinked rubber by affecting crosslinking density and plasticizing effect,respectively.Compared with sulfur dispersion,STD emulsion is more stable with smaller micelle size and has higher reactivity,which avoids using toxic zinc-containing accelerators and imparts the crosslinked networks with better mechanical properties,thus exploring new avenue for the green crosslinking of rubber latex and the preparation of high-performance rubber materials.

关 键 词：反向硫化 胶乳 绿色交联 硫共聚物 

分 类 号：TQ330.55[化学工程—橡胶工业]