旱生植物水力结构特征研究进展  

Research progress on the hydraulic structure characteristics of xerophytes

作　　者：潘颜霞 许浩 张亚峰 张红霞 PAN Yan-xia;XU Hao;ZHANG Ya-feng;ZHANG Hong-xia(Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil and Water Conservation,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《草业学报》2024年第8期190-198,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2023BEG02039);宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室开放基金(KF202201)资助。

摘　　要：旱生植物的生存主要受制于水分条件,植物适应干旱的能力及对复水的响应策略决定其生长和分布情况。植物水力结构是植物在生长过程中形成的一种复杂的水力联通系统,反映了植物根部吸水-木质部输水-蒸腾作用散失水的土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)循环过程中形成的水分供给策略,是决定植物抗旱能力的关键内在因素,也是植物-水分关系研究的重点。本研究综述了国内外学者在植物水力结构特征方面的最新进展,重点揭示了植物水力性状的协调与权衡机制,阐明了水力性状和经济性状的关系,总结了目前对植物供需水力学模型模拟和植物抗旱及复水恢复能力评价体系构建等方面的研究进展和不足,从水力结构学视角综合评价了植物抗旱适应机制研究中存在的问题,并展望了未来研究的重点,这些关键问题的解决将为干旱条件下植被恢复与重建提供理论依据和数据支撑。The survival of xerophytes is mainly dependent on water conditions.The responses and adaptation strategies of plants to drought stress and rehydration determine their growth and distribution characteristics.The hydraulic structure of plants is a complex hydraulic connection system that forms during plant growth.It reflects the water supply strategy formed in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum(SPAC)circulation process of water uptake by roots,water transport via the xylem,and water lost by transpiration.It is the key internal factor determining the drought resistance of plants,and is also the focus of research on plant-water relationships.In this study,we reviewed recent research on the characteristics of plant hydraulic structure.The results of recent studies have revealed the coordination and trade-off mechanisms of plant hydraulic characteristics,and clarified the coupling relationship between hydraulic and economic traits.This review discusses the shortcomings in plant supply-demand hydraulics model simulations and the evaluation systems used to evaluate plant drought resistance and rehydration resilience.From the perspective of hydraulic structure,we discuss the existing problems in research on plant drought resistance and adaptation mechanisms,and propose key points for future research.Studies addressing these key problems will provide a theoretical basis and supporting data for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in arid conditions.

关 键 词：水力性状 经济性状 模型模拟 评价体系 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]