2018-2021年山西地区1283例住院病儿轮状病毒肠炎的流行病学特征及临床分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and clinical analysis of 1283 hospitalized children with rotavirus enteritis in Shanxi Province from 2018-2021

作　　者：朱瑞 赵青[2] ZHU Rui;ZHAO Qing(Department of Pediatric Medicine,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;Department of Gastroenterology,Shanxi Children's Hospital,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学儿科医学系,山西太原030001 [2]山西省儿童医院消化内科,山西太原030001

出　　处：《安徽医药》2024年第9期1880-1884,共5页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解山西地区儿童轮状病毒肠炎的流行病学及临床特征,分析重型轮状病毒肠炎危险因素,以早期识别重症病例,提高轮状病毒肠炎临床诊治水平及防控,从而减轻疾病负担。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年12月于山西省儿童医院消化科住院治疗的急性腹泻病病儿3359例,总结轮状病毒肠炎流行病学特点及临床特征,并分析重型轮状病毒肠炎危险因素。结果2018年1月至2021年12月,因急性腹泻病入住消化科的住院病人3359例中轮状病毒检出1283例,检出率为38.20%;时间分布,每年12月至次年2月是轮状病毒感染高峰季节,8月、9月、10月最低;年龄分布,轮状病毒肠炎年龄(1.53±0.92)岁,>1~2岁年龄组检出率最高(52.16%),6个月至1岁年龄组次之;性别分布,男童检出率多于女童,比例为1.53∶1;地区分布,居住于城镇检出率显著高于农村;喂养方式分布,≤6个月病儿中,非母乳喂养检出率高于母乳喂养;轮状病毒肠炎住院天数(4.15±1.83)d,临床表现均为急性起病,主要表现为腹泻、呕吐、发热,常见合并症为脱水、代谢性酸中毒、电解质紊乱;轻型和重型轮状病毒肠炎在居住地区、年龄分组方面差异有统计学意义。经多因素分析,居住于乡村地区病儿发生重型轮状病毒肠炎的危险性是居住于城镇病儿的1.42倍。结论山西地区轮状病毒肠炎高发季节是冬季,多见于6个月至2岁的婴幼儿,男童比女童更易感染轮状病毒,居住于城镇相比农村更易感染。但居住于农村地区病儿更易发生重型轮状病毒肠炎。Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of rotavirus enteritis in children in Shanxi Prov-ince and to analyze the risk factors for severe rotavirus enteritis to identify severe cases at an early stage and improve the clinical diag-nosis and treatment of rotavirus enteritis and its prevention and control to reduce the burden of disease.Methods A retrospective anal-ysis of 3359 children with acute diarrheal disease admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of Shanxi Children's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 was performed to summarize the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of rotavirus enter-itis and to analyze the risk factors for severe rotavirus enteritis.Results From January 2018 to December 2021,among the 3359 hospi-talized patients admitted to the gastroenterology department due to acute diarrhea,1283 cases were detected for rotavirus,with a detec-tion rate of 38.20%.In terms of temporal distribution,the peak season for rotavirus infection was from December to February each year,with the lowest occurring in August,September and October.In terms of age distribution,rotavirus enteritis was detected at(1.53±0.92)years of age,with the highest detection rate(52.16%)in the age group of>1 to 2 years and the second highest in the age group of 6 months to 1 year.In terms of gender distribution,the detection rate of boys was greater than that of girls,with a ratio of 1.53∶1.In terms of regional distribution,the detection rate was significantly greater in towns than in rural areas.In terms of feeding mode distribu-tion,the detection rate of nonbreastfeeding was greater than that of breastfeeding in children≤6 months old.The number of days of hos-pitalization for rotavirus enteritis was(4.15±1.83)days.The clinical manifestations were all acute in onset,with diarrhea,vomiting,and fever as the main manifestations,and common comorbidities were dehydration,metabolic acidosis,and electrolyte disorders.The differ-ences between patients with mild and sev

关 键 词：轮状病毒感染 儿童 肠炎 腹泻 流行病学特征 危险因素 山西省 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]