TiAl金属间化合物定向技术研究进展  

Advancement in Directional Technology of TiAl Intermetallic Compounds

作　　者：马云路 杨劼人 刘泽栋 陈瑞润[2] MA Yunlu;YANG Jieren;LIU Zedong;CHEN Ruirun(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610065 [2]哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第15期25-36,共12页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52074229,52371035);四川省重点研发计划(SC2022A1C01J,23ZDYF0546)。

摘　　要：TiAl合金具有低密度和良好的高温性能,被视为航空航天领域极具应用潜力的一类新型结构材料。具有柱晶/单晶组织特征的全片层结构TiAl合金展现出极为优异的高温综合力学性能。本文首先介绍了定向TiAl合金的发展背景、定向组织、力学性能各向异性等基本概念;然后,基于工作原理、关键技术、组织特征三个层面,对传统Bridgman法、光学浮区法、电磁约束以及电磁冷坩埚等定向技术进行了论述;进一步,结合最新研究成果,对定向退火制备TiAl合金的工作进行了阐述;最后,展望了TiAl合金定向技术的研究方向,指出需要从优化成分设计、组织/相变可控、大尺度定向晶稳定制备等方面发展新原理与新技术。TiAl alloys with low density and good high-temperature properties,are regarded as a new type of structural material with great application potential in the aerospace field.The fully lamellar TiAl alloy with columnar/single crystal structure exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties at high temperatures.This paper first introduces the basic concepts of directional TiAl alloys,such as development background,directional structure,and mechanical property anisotropy.Then,based on the three aspects including working principle,key technology,and structural characteristics,the directional technologies such as traditional Bridgman method,optical floating zone method,electromagnetic constraint,and electromagnetic cold crucible are discussed.Furthermore,combined with the latest research results,the work of preparing TiAl alloys by directional annealing is elaborated.Finally,the research direction of directional technology in TiAl alloys is prospected,and it is pointed out that new principles and technologies need to be developed in terms of optimizing composition design,controlling microstructure/phase transformation,and stably producing large-scale directional crystals.

关 键 词：TIAL合金 定向凝固 定向退火 柱晶/单晶 力学性能 高温结构材料 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]