功能性复合添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、健康状况和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Functional Compound Additives on The Growth Performance,Health Status,and Gut Microbiota of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：赵桂林 张帆[1] 侯鑫蕊 张琪[1] 朱芷琪 姜淑贞[1] 杨维仁[1] 李扬 ZHAO Guilin;ZHANG Fan;HOU Xinrui;ZHANG Qi;ZHU Zhiqi;JIANG Shuzhen;YANG Weiren;LI Yang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Shandong Taian 271017,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271017

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第15期7-15,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目[32302784];山东省自然科学基金项目[ZR2022QC084];“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目[2023YFD1300803];山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目[SDAIT-08-05]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究由博落回提取物、葡萄糖氧化酶、丁酸梭菌和枯草芽孢杆菌组成的功能性复合添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、健康状况和肠道菌群的影响。选取健康且体重一致的28日龄DLY断奶仔猪120头,随机分为对照组和试验组,分别饲喂基础饲粮和在基础饲粮中添加250 mg/kg功能性复合添加剂的饲粮,试验期35 d。每日记录采食量,试验结束后所有仔猪称重并采集仔猪前腔静脉血和盲肠食糜样品。结果显示:①与对照组相比,试验组结束体重、平均日采食量和平均日增重分别提高了8.50%、6.41%和17.23%(P<0.05),料重比和腹泻率分别降低了9.00%和41.03%(P<0.05);②与对照组相比,试验组血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和白细胞介素10(IL-10)的水平以及总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)和丙二醛(MDA)水平显著降低(P<0.05);③与对照组相比,试验组盲肠菌群α多样性指数Observed_spe-cies和Chao 1指数有升高的趋势(0.05<P<0.10),盲肠放线菌门相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加由博落回提取物、葡萄糖氧化酶、丁酸梭菌和枯草芽孢杆菌组成的复合添加剂可改善仔猪生长性能和健康状况,并改变肠道菌群组成和多样性。This study aimed to investigate the effects of a compound additive consisting of Macleaya cordata extract,glucose oxidase,Clostridium butyricum,and Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance,health status,and intestinal microbiota of weaned piglets.A total of 120 DLY crossbred weaned piglets,aged 28 days,were selected for this experiment.The piglets were randomly assigned to either a control group or a experimental group.The control group received a basal diet,while the experimental group received a basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg of the functional compound additive.The trial lasted for 35 days.The body weight and daily feed intake of the piglets was measured,and blood and fecal samples were collected at the end of the trial.The results were as follows:①in comparison to the control group,the experimental group exhibited a significant increase of 8.50% in final body weight,6.41% in average daily feed intake and 17.23% in average daily weight gain(P<0.05),and a significant decrease of 9.00% in feed to gain ratio and 41.03% in diarrhea rate(P<0.05).②Compared with the control group,the experimental group had significantly higher levels of serum IgG,IL-10,T-SOD,and GSH-Px(P<0.05),while the levels of serum IL-6 and MDA were significantly lower(P<0.05).③The α-diversity indices(Observed_species and Chao 1)of fecal microbiota showed a tendency to be higher in the control group(0.05<P<0.10),and there was a significant increase in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the feces of the experimental group(P<0.05)when compared to the control group.The present study demonstrated that the incorporation of a compound additive consisting of Macleaya cordata extract,glucose oxidase,Clostridium butyricum,and Bacillus subtilis into the diet of weaned piglets yielded significant improvements in growth performance and health status,as well as exerting a notable influence on the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota.

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 功能性复合添加剂 生产性能 健康状况 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]