珠海地区早产儿视网膜病变发病趋势分析  

Incidence trend of retinopathy of prematurity in Zhuhai

作　　者：王培锋[1] 李战[1] 李晓薇 WANG Pei-feng;LI Zhan;LI Xiao-wei(Department of Ophthalmology,Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care,Zhuhai 519015,Guangdong,CHINA;Department of Neonatology,Zhuhai People’s Hospital,Zhuhai 519015,Guangdong,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]珠海市妇幼保健院眼科,广东珠海519015 [2]珠海市人民医院新生儿科,广东珠海519015

出　　处：《海南医学》2024年第16期2334-2338,共5页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析珠海地区近十二年来早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发病情况及变化趋势。方法收集2010年1月至2022年12月在珠海市妇幼保健院眼科(本院)和珠海市人民医院新生儿科住院的早产儿和本地区医院经治疗出院后在本院眼科进行ROP筛查的10490例早产儿资料。回顾分析12年来的ROP总体发病率、重症率,并分为三个阶段(2010—2013年、2014—2017年和2018—2022年)记录ROP发病情况及其变化趋势。结果10490例早产儿中发生不同程度的ROP177例,发病率为1.69%,其中重症ROP25例,占筛查人数的0.24%。总体上ROP发病率有轻度上升倾向,从第一、第二阶段的1.55%、1.62%上升至第三阶段的1.85%;总体上ROP的重症率有下降趋势,从第一阶段的0.28%降至第三阶段的0.24%,中间微有波动,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出生体质量<2000g的患儿ROP的发病率三个阶段比较有上升趋势,从第一阶段、第二阶段的5.37%、4.66%升至第三阶段的5.70%;ROP的重症率三个阶段比较有下降趋势,从第一阶段的1.10%降至第三阶段的0.81%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出生胎龄≤34周的患儿ROP发病率三个阶段比较有上升趋势,从第一阶段、第二阶段的3.91%、3.85%升至第三阶段的4.31%;ROP重症率三个阶段比较有下降趋势,从第一阶段、第二阶段的0.80%、0.59%降至第三阶段的0.59%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同出生体质量早产儿组间比较,ROP发病率及重症率随出生体质量降低有明显增高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同出生胎龄早产儿组间比较,ROP发病率及重症率随胎龄减少有明显增高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论珠海地区12年来ROP三个阶段的发病率及重症率总体平稳,呈现出生体质量越低和出生胎龄越小ROP的发病率逐渐增高趋势;ROP发病特点以轻症为主,重症ROP发生于出生体质量<2000g、胎龄≤32周的早产儿。Objective To analyze the incidence and variation trend of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)in Zhuhai in recent 12 years.Methods The clinical data of 10490 premature infants who were hospitalized in Department of Neonatology,Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care and Zhuhai People’s Hospital and underwent ROP screening in Department of Ophthalmology,Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care after being discharged from local hospitals from January 2010 to December 2022 were collected.The overall incidence of ROP and the rate of severe cases in the 12 years were retrospectively analyzed,and the incidence and variation trend of ROP were recorded according to the three phases(2010-2013,2014-2017,and 2018-2022).Results Among the 10490 premature infants,177 cases suffered from various degrees of ROP,with the incidence rate of 1.69%,of which 25 cases suffered from severe ROP,accounting for 0.24%of the total infants.Generally,the incidence of ROP showed a slightly upward trend,increased from 1.55%in the first phase and 1.62%in the second phase to 1.85%in the third phase;however,the rate of ROP severe cases presented a downward trend generally,from 0.28%in the first phase to 0.24%in the third phase,with a slight fluctuation in the second phase;the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).For those with the birth weight less than 2000 g,the incidence of ROP showed an upward trend,from 5.37%in the first phase and 4.66%in the second phase to 5.70%in the third phase;however,the rate of ROP severe cases presented a downward trend,from 1.10%in the first phase to 0.81%in the third phase;the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).For those with the gestational age at birth less than or equal to 34 weeks,the incidence of ROP showed an upward trend,from 3.91%in the first phase and 3.85%in the second phase to 4.31%in the third phase;however,the rate of ROP severe cases presented a downward trend,from 0.80%in the first phase to 0.59%in the third phase,with a slight fluctuation in the seco

关 键 词：珠海地区 早产儿视网膜病变 新生儿筛查 发病率 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]