我国古代是否存在商标制度  

Whether the Trademark System Exists in Ancient Times

作　　者：许辉猛[1] 张伟欣 XU Huimeng;ZHANG Weixin(Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南科技》2024年第14期109-114,共6页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：2023年河南省知识产权软科学研究项目“河南省地理标志促进工作立法研究”(20230106036);郑州商标审查协作中心委托项目“商标文化研究与展示”后期成果。

摘　　要：【目的】我国古代是否存在商标制度是我国商标法史研究的一个重要问题,关系到我国现代商标法的起源,也关系到对我国古代商业标识现象的解读。【方法】将上述问题区分为我国古代是否存在现代意义的商标使用实践和商标保护实践,运用多案例研究法,分析我国古代商业标识现象。【结果】唐宋时期古典市坊制的瓦解、行滥商品规则的演变孕育了古代的商标实践活动。经营者对商业标识的自我保护实践凸显其深刻的商标意识,官府提供的个案保护符合现代商标法的基本精神。【结论】物勒工名不是我国古代商标制度萌芽的标志。官府重刑轻民的法律政策与行会功能异化叠加导致我国古代无法产生系统的商标法规则。不过,存在于商人阶层的商标意识使人们能够迅速接受近代从域外引进的现代商标法制度。[Purposes]Whether there is a trademark system in ancient China is an important issue in the history of trademark law,which relates to the origin of modern trademark law and the interpretation of commercial signs in ancient China.[Methods]In this paper,the above problems were divided into whether there is a modern meaning of trademark use practice and whether there is a modern meaning of trademark protection practice in ancient China,and the phenomenon of ancient commercial signs in China was analyzed by using the multi-case study method.[Findings]In Tang and Song dynasties,the collapse of the classical market system and the evolution of the rules of fake and shoddy goods gave birth to the ancient trademark practice.The operators'practice of self-protection of commercial signs high-lights their profound trademark awareness,and the case protection provided by the government conforms to the basic spirit of modern trademark law.[Conclusions]Caving names on the manufacture is not a sign of the embryo of trademark system in ancient China.The superposition of the government's legal policy of valuing the criminal punishment over the civil protection and the function alienation of guilds led to the inability to produce systematic trademark law rules in ancient China.However,the trademark con-sciousness existing in the merchant class enabled the people to quickly accept the modern trademark law system introduced from overseas.

关 键 词：物勒工名 行滥商品 自我保护 政府保护 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]