小型线性斯特林制冷机驱动控制方法研究  

Study on drive control method of small linear Stirling cryocooler

作　　者：张文博 孙大明[1,2,3] 王建中 王天祥[5] Zhang Wenbo;Sun Daming;Wang Jianzhong;Wang Tianxiang(School of Polytechnic Institute,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310015,China;School of Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Shanxi-zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan 030001,China;Jiangsu Cryote Cryogenic Technology Corporation Limited,Changzhou 213002,China;State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学工程师学院,杭州310015 [2]浙江大学能源工程学院,杭州310027 [3]山西浙大新材料与化工研究院,太原030001 [4]江苏克劳特低温技术有限公司,常州213002 [5]航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,北京100028

出　　处：《低温工程》2024年第4期77-85,共9页Cryogenics

基　　金：航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基金;山西浙大新材料与化工研究院项目(2022SZ-TD015)资助。

摘　　要：为了设计一种能使小型线性斯特林制冷机快速启动并获得高效功率输入的控制器,设计了基于STM32F407单片机的驱动控制器。根据控制器的输出电气参数对制冷机中的直线电机部分进行有限元仿真,仿真中未出现磁路饱和现象。基于传统的“低压启动,手动调节至高压运行”的制冷机启动方法,提出了“半压启动,线性升压,高压运行”的制冷机自动启动方法,在避免活塞撞缸的同时加快了制冷机制冷过程。通过脉宽调制技术将制冷机驱动波由正弦波转变为梯形波,以提高逆变电路的直流母线电压利用率。研究结果表明:梯形波驱动方式实现了制冷机输入功率约25 W的提升,制冷量也有相应提高。In order to design a controller which can make the small linear Stirling cryocooler start quickly and get high efficiency power input,a drive controller based on STM32F407 single chip microcomputer was designed.Finite element simulation of the linear motor in the cryocooler was carried out according to the output electrical parameters of the controller,and there was no magnetic circuit saturation phenomenon in the simulation.On the basis of the traditional starting method of low voltage starting,manual adjustment to high voltage running,an automatic starting method of half voltage starting,linear rising voltage,high voltage running was proposed,which accelerated the refrigeration process of the cryocooler while avoiding piston collision.The driving wave of cryocooler was converted from sine wave to trapezoidal wave by pulse width modulation technology to improve the DC bus voltage utilization rate of inverter circuit.The results of study show that,trapezoidal wave drive mode can improve the input power of the cryocooler by about 25W,and the cooling capacity is also improved accordingly.

关 键 词：斯特林制冷机 有限元仿真 脉宽调制 制冷量 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]