基于改进AVOA的小型自由活塞斯特林制冷机控制算法研究  

Research on control algorithm of small free piston Stirling cryocooler based on modified AVOA

作　　者：张仲秀 徐雅 孙大明[2] 王建中 Zhang Zhongxiu;Xu Ya;un Daming;Wang Jianzhong(College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Jiangsu Cryote Cryogenic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试与仪器学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江大学浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室,杭州310058 [3]江苏克劳特低温技术有限公司,常州213002

出　　处：《低温工程》2024年第4期86-94,共9页Cryogenics

摘　　要：针对小型自由活塞斯特林制冷机在温度控制系统中建模复杂以及易受环境温度和热负载变化的影响等问题,提出一种基于改进非洲秃鹫优化算法的模糊PID控制算法。通过在一台10 W@77 K自由活塞斯特林制冷机的温度控制系统中加入滞环偏置继电器辨识制冷机的数学模型,以此构建闭环控制系统,着重针对基于改进非洲秃鹫算法的模糊PID控制算法进行仿真实验。针对非洲秃鹫优化算法存在的容易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢等问题,提出了一种融合多策略的改进非洲秃鹫优化算法,其中引入Tent混沌映射以提高初始个体多样性,并对次优秃鹫选择策略进行改进,加强算法脱离局部困境的能力,最后利用精英反向学习进一步增强算法全局搜索能力。仿真实验结果表明,该算法与PID算法、模糊PID算法和非洲秃鹫算法优化的模糊PID算法相比,调节时间分别降低79.69%、56.22%、50.26%,超调量分别减少87.70%、59.81%、60.38%;在加入方波扰动、白噪声、脉冲扰动和正弦波扰动下,控制系统的超调量的变化率分别为2.61%、2.35%、2.44%和2.49%。因此,基于改进非洲秃鹫算法的模糊PID控制算法与常规控制算法相比,具有响应速度快、超调小、抗干扰性强和稳定性好等优点。A fuzzy PID control algorithm based on the modified African vulture optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of complex modeling and vulnerability to ambient temperature and thermal load in the temperature control system of the small free piston Stirling cryocooler.A closed-loop control system is constructed by adding the hysteresis bias relay to the temperature control system.the mathematical model of a 10 W@ 77 K small free piston Stirling cryocooler is identified,and the simulation experiment is focused on the fuzzy PID control algorithm based on the modified African vulture algorithm.Aiming at the problems of African vulture optimization algorithm,such as falling into local optimization and slow convergence speed,an modified algorithm with multi-strategy integration is proposed.Tent chaos mapping is introduced to improve the initial individual diversity,and the sub-optimal vulture selection strategy is improved to strengthen the ability of the algorithm to escape from localized dilemma.Finally,the elite reverse learning is used to further enhance the global search capability of the algorithm.The simulation results show that compared with PID algorithm,fuzzy PID algorithm and African vulture algorithm,the adjustment time of MAVOA is reduced by 79.69%,56.22% and 50.26% respectively,and the overshoot is reduced by 87.70%,59.81% and 60.38% respectively.When the square wave disturbance,white noise,pulse disturbance and sine wave disturbance are added,the overshoot rate of the control system is 2.61%,2.35%,2.44% and 2.49%,respectively.Therefore,compared with the conventional control algorithm,the fuzzy PID control algorithm based on the modified African vulture algorithm has the advantages of fast response speed,small overshoot,strong anti-interference and good stability.

关 键 词：斯特林制冷机 继电反馈辨识 非洲秃鹫优化算法 抗干扰性 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]