永磁交变磁场平面磁粒研磨试验研究  

Experimental Research on Planar Magnetic Abrasive Finishing with Permanent Magnet Alternating Magnetic Field

作　　者：王荟江 闫宇航 丁云龙 韩冰[1] 马小刚[1] 陈燕[1] WANG Huijiang;YAN Yuhang;DING Yunlong;HAN Bing;MA Xiaogang;CHEN Yan(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Liaoning Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第16期159-168,共10页Surface Technology

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅博士启动基金(2021-BS-241);辽宁科技大学省级重点实验室开放课题基金(2023KFKT-07)。

摘　　要：目的探究永磁交变磁场下平面磁粒研磨质量的影响因素,增强加工区域的磁场变化,使磁性磨粒的加工轨迹多样化,提高研磨效率和研磨效果。方法设计永磁交变磁场取代传统平面磁粒研磨中的恒定磁场源,并采用磁场模拟软件对永磁交变磁场进行仿真,对不同状态下磁场的分布进行分析,参考仿真结果选取实验参数;使用产生径向磁场的环形磁铁作为磁场发生源,导磁性良好的纯铁作为导磁骨架,通过磁路的开放和闭合实现磁场的交变;使用步进电机及脉冲发生器调节研磨磁场,进而调节磁极交变频率;通过试验对比不同参数下对SUS304不锈钢的研磨效果,在研磨间隙为1.5mm的条件下,对比不同研磨时间、不同磨粒目数、不同主轴转速对工件表面质量的影响,使用触针式表面粗糙度测量仪和超景深3D电子显微镜检测对比试验前后试件的表面质量并对仿真结果进行验证。结果对比永磁交变磁场不同磁场分布状态仿真图,发现永磁交变磁场研磨区域场强变化显著,场强峰值时磁感应强度较高;磁性磨粒随离心力与永磁交变磁极状态的变化做周期性运动,使研磨轨迹复杂化。在研磨时间为40min、主轴转速为245 r/min、磨粒粒径为60目条件下,SUS304不锈钢板经研磨后,表面粗糙度由原始的0.312μm降至0.060μm。结论永磁交变磁场在提高加工区域磁感应强度的同时,使磁场发生周期性变化进而使磁性磨粒在加工区域做周期性运动,复杂化研磨轨迹促进了磨粒的更新,相比于恒定磁场磁粒研磨工艺,永磁交变磁场提高了研磨效率与研磨效果。The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing the quality of planar magnetic abrasive finishing under a variable magnetic field in permanent magnetism.It aims to enhance the magnetic field variation in the processing zone,diversify the processing trajectory of magnetic abrasive particles,and improve the efficiency and effects of the magnetic abrasive finishing.The method was designed to replace the constant magnetic field source in traditional plane magnetic abrasive finishing with a variable magnetic field generated by permanent magnetism.Magnetic field simulation software was used to simulate the permanent magnet variable magnetic field,and the distribution of the magnetic field under different conditions was analyzed.Experimental parameters were selected based on the simulation results.A ring-shaped magnet that generated a radial magnetic field was used as the source of the magnetic field.A well-conductive pure iron material was used as the magnetic structural frames to facilitate the variation of the magnetic field through the opening and closing of the magnetic circuit.A stepper motor and a pulse generator were employed to regulate the magnetic abrasive finishing magnetic field,thereby adjusting the alternating frequency of the magnetic poles.The finishing effects on SUS304 stainless steel under different parameters were compared through experiments.Under experimental conditions with a finishing gap of 1.5 mm,the impacts of different finishing times,different abrasive particle sizes,and different motor spindle speeds on the surface quality of the workpiece were compared.The surface roughness measuring instrument and the ultra-depth 3D electron microscope were used to detect the surface quality of the workpiece before and after comparison experiments,and the simulation results were verified.The simulation diagrams of different magnetic field distribution states under permanent magnet variable magnetic fields were compared.The field intensity in the magnetic abrasive finishing area of the per

关 键 词：磁粒研磨 磁性磨粒 表面粗糙度 磁感应强度 永磁交变磁场 SUS304 

分 类 号：TG147[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]