柔性齿轮运动特性及其振动抑制性能的实验研究  

Experimental study on motion characteristics and vibration suppression performance of flexible gear

作　　者：童任远 龚俊杰[1] 韦源源[1] TONG Renyuan;GONG Junjie;WEI Yuanyuan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第8期1440-1446,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX22_3476)。

摘　　要：在三缸发动机平衡轴齿轮传动系统的传动过程中,存在着较大的振动和噪声问题,为此,提出了一种附加阻尼环的齿轮传动系统刚柔耦合模型,对柔性齿轮结构的运动特性及其振动抑制性能进行了实验研究。首先,采用集中质量法,建立了考虑齿轮间隙和时变啮合刚度的附加阻尼环6自由度齿轮传动系统的弯曲-扭转模型,利用石川公式计算出了柔性齿轮的时变啮合刚度,对比了有无阻尼环的齿轮系统的振动响应;然后,搭建了专门的齿轮传动系统测试设备,测试了不同转速下钢齿轮和柔性齿轮的加速度和噪声峰值;最后,设计了激光位移试验台,对比分析了不同转速下齿轮的微抖动,对柔性齿轮的减振效果进行了测试,并验证了理论模型的正确性。研究结果表明:当转速为1000 r/min时,钢齿轮和柔性齿轮的最大加速度信号分别为35.58 m/s^(2)和20.37 m/s^(2);当齿轮转速为4000 r/min时,柔性齿轮的阻尼效果最佳,加速度峰值降低了45.23%,噪声峰值降低了39.06%;钢齿轮的微抖动幅值明显高于柔性齿轮,两者的变化趋势相似。柔性齿轮能有效抑制轮齿微抖动振幅曲线的不平滑、毛刺现象,从而增强了三缸发动机平衡轴系的稳定性。In the transmission process of gear transmission system of three-cylinder engine,there are great vibration and noise problems.Therefore,a rigid-flexible coupling model of gear transmission system with damping ring was proposed,and the motion characteristics and vibration suppression performance of flexible gear structure were studied experimentally.Firstly,a 6-degree-of-freedom bending and torsional model of the gear transmission system with additional damping ring was established by using the lumped mass method.Ishikawa formula was used to calculate the time-varying meshing stiffness of the flexible gear.The vibration response of the gear system with and without damping ring was compared.Then a special gear transmission system test equipment was built to test the acceleration and noise peak of steel gear and flexible gear at different speeds.Finally,a laser displacement test bench was designed to compare and analyze the micro-jitter of the gears under different rotational speeds,and the vibration reduction effect of the flexible gears was verified,and the theoretical model was verified.The esearch results show that the maximum acceleration signals of steel gear and flexible gear are respectively 35.58 m/s^(2) and 20.37 m/s^(2),when the speed is 1000 r/min.When the gear speed is 4000 r/min,the damping effect of the flexible gear is the best,the peak acceleration is reduced by 45.23%,and the peak noise is reduced by 39.06%.The micro-jitter amplitude of steel gear is obviously higher than that of flexible gear,and the change trend of both is similar.The flexible gear can effectively suppress the unsmooth and burr phenomenon of the micro-jitter amplitude curve of the gear teeth,thus enhancing the stability of the balance shafting of the three-cylinder engine.

关 键 词：多自由度系统齿轮传动系统 轮系刚柔耦合模型 石川公式 橡胶圈 动力学分析 阻尼环 柔性齿轮减振效果 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH113.1[机械工程—车辆工程] U464[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]