岩质边坡卸荷条件下变形破坏演化研究  

Study on deformation and failure evolution of rock slope under unloading conditions

作　　者：田志鹏 TIAN Zhipeng(Xinjiang Tianchi Energy Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆天池能源有限责任公司,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《露天采矿技术》2024年第4期15-19,共5页Opencast Mining Technology

摘　　要：为探究不同高度边坡在开挖卸荷条件下的变形破坏规律,以将军戈壁一号露天矿地质条件为例,采用钻孔窥视与位移监测分析了开挖卸荷作用下的裂隙扩展与滑移变形特征;运用相似模拟底摩擦试验探究了200 m与400 m岩质边坡的变形破坏规律,对开挖卸压条件下的裂隙发育与水平位移演化规律进行分析。结果表明:200 m岩质边坡卸压后在重力的下压作用下引发拉裂隙,外侧边坡体的牵引作用下诱发裂隙延展,裂隙贯通后形成滑移破坏,裂隙破坏形式主要以拉剪复合破坏类型的压致开裂为主;400 m边坡变形破坏分为上下2个部分,上部的变形破坏趋势与200 m边坡相同,下部的变形主要以卸压松弛导致的裂隙为主,在上方坡体的推移牵引作用下形成滑移破坏,裂隙破坏形式主要以松弛拉裂类型的压致开裂为主。In order to explore the deformation and failure characteristics of slope with different height under excavation and unloading conditions,taking the geological characteristics of Jiangjungebi No.1 Open-pit Mine as an example,the characteristics of crack propagation and slip deformation under excavation and unloading are analyzed by using borehole observation and displacement monitoring.The deformation and failure laws of 200 m and 400 m rock slopes were investigated by using similar simulated bottom friction tests,and the fracture development and horizontal displacement evolution laws were analyzed under the conditions of excavation relief.The results show that the 200 m rock slope causes tensile cracks under the action of gravity,and the cracks extend under the traction of the lateral slope body.After the cracks are connected,a sliding failure mode is formed.The fracture failure mode is mainly compressive crack caused by tensile shear compound failure type.The deformation and failure of 400 m slope is divided into upper and lower parts.The deformation and failure trend of the upper part is the same as that of the 200 m slope.The deformation of the lower part is mainly caused by cracks caused by pressure relief and relaxation,and the sliding failure form is formed under the pushing and pulling action of the upper slope.

关 键 词：岩质边坡 边坡变形 开挖卸荷 相似模拟 边坡稳定性 位移监测 

分 类 号：TD824.7[矿业工程—煤矿开采]