增强还是替代:人工智能与人类智能关系的哲学反思  

To Enhance or Replace:Philosophical Reflection on the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence

作　　者：潘斌[1,2,3] Pan Bin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系 [2]华东师范大学社会认识论研究中心 [3]教育部人文社科重点研究基地中国现代思想文化研究所

出　　处：《理论月刊》2024年第7期5-14,153,共11页Theory Monthly

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“社会风险及其治理的哲学研究”(20AZX003)。

摘　　要：人工智能哲学的核心论争是考察人工智能与人类智能的紧张关系与有机张力。人工智能是一个比照与关联了合成智能、计算智能与增强智能的概念,其建构目标是智能主体,底层逻辑是大数据,运行关键是算法。人工智能的发展形态蕴含着从弱人工智能到强人工智能或通用人工智能的可能路向,甚至不排除在未来演化出超级智能的形态。人工智能与人类智能之间存在着内在的紧张关系:人工智能或以温和的方式实现对人类智能的模拟与增强,或以激进的方式去超越与替代人类智能。人类未来既需要认真对待与重视人工智能,也需要为其构建平等合理的伦理原则。The core debate of artificial intelligence philosophy is to examine the tension and organic relationship between artificial intelligence and human intelligence.Artificial intelligence is a concept that contrasts and correlates synthetic intelligence,computational intelligence and augmented intelligence,with intelligent agents as targets of construction,big data as the underlying logic,and algorithms as the key to operation.The development form of artificial intelligence contains the possible direction from weak artificial intelligence to strong artificial intelligence or artificial general intelligence,which even does not rule out the evolution of super artificial intelligence in the future.There is an inherent tension between artificial intelligence and human intelligence:artificial intelligence either simulates and enhances human intelligence in a gentle way,or surpasses and replaces human intelligence in a radical way.Humans not only need to take artificial intelligence seriously and value it in the future,but also need to build equal and reasonable ethical principles for it.

关 键 词：意识 人工智能 人机关系 大数据 算法 

分 类 号：B152[哲学宗教—世界哲学]