从官府主导到官绅共治:清代江西书院文化权力格局的演变  

From Being Dominated by the Government to a Shared Governance by Officials and Gentry:the Evolution of the Cultural Power Patterns of Jiangxi Academies in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴琦[1] 曹佳瑞 WU Qi;CAO Jiarui(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《江西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期123-133,共11页Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：江西自古文教兴盛,书院数量多、分布广、类型丰。清代江西官绅积极创办和修复各级书院,提供多种形式的经济援助。他们通过监管书院事务、担任书院山长等方式参与书院的日常管理,并兴办地方助学组织。其背后的儒家正统观、行善福报观和宗族孝道观,包含官绅对声名利益的渴望和关照社会公共事务的自觉。随着社会环境的变化,清代江西书院经历内部权力格局的变化,即由官府主导向官绅共治的演变,一方面反映争夺地方文教资源、文化权力对于官绅的重要意义;另一方面反映清代地方士绅力量的发展,并力图掌握书院等地方公共资源的现象。Since ancient times,culture and education have flourished in Jiangxi,with a large number of academies,wide distribution and abundant types.In the Qing Dynasty,officials and gentlemen in Jiangxi actively established and restored academies at all levels and provided various forms of economic assistance.They participated in the daily management of academies by overseeing academy affairs and serving as the chief of an academy,among other ways.They also established local educational organizations,and their Confucian orthodoxy,belief in doing good bringing good fortune,and filial piety of clansmen included the desire of officials and gentry for fame and benefits and a sense of responsibility for public affairs.With the changing social environment,the Jiangxi academies in the Qing Dynasty experienced internal changes in power patterns,from being dominated by the government to a shared governance by officials and gentry.This reflected the importance of local cultural and educational resources and cultural power to officials and gentry,as well as the development of local gentry forces and their efforts to take control of local public resources such as academies.

关 键 词：清代 江西 书院 官与绅 文化权力格局 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]