地铁车辆制动电阻全线路运行温度匹配与优化研究  

Study on Matching and Optimization of Full-line Operating Temperature of Brake Resistors of Metro Car

作　　者：牟蓉 吴云飞 陆远基 王龙 刘雄 MOU Rong;WU Yunfei;LU Yuanji;WANG Long;LIU Xiong(Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第4期64-70,171,共8页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：针对国内某100 km/h地铁线路车载制动电阻选型,采用平均功率选型为115 kW电阻和线路最恶劣工况选型为130 kW电阻两种方式。根据电阻片发热原理,建立温度仿真模型,仿真结果表明,115 kW电阻全线路运行下行存在一个电阻片温度超限区间,130 kW电阻可满足全线路运行需求。由于130 kW电阻体积、质量、噪声等指标均超过115 kW电阻,且制造成本也高于115 kW电阻,文章研究的地铁线路考虑依然采用115 kW电阻。针对115 kW制动电阻全线路运行温度匹配,提出了电阻片结构优化与适当降低高速区电制动功率2种优化方案。基于优化方案,进行仿真验证与工程试验研究,结果表明采用本文提出的“S”形状截面电阻片并同时将长大下坡区间电制动恒力转恒功速度点适当前移的优化方式,可使115 kW电阻全线路运行电阻片最热点温度下降到最高允许温度以下,可满足文章研究的地铁线路全线路运行需求。For the selection of vehicle-mounted brake resistors for a certain 100 km/h metro line in China,two modes are adopted:115 k W resistors selected for average power and 130 k W resistors selected for the worst condition of the line.According to the heating principle of the resistor,a temperature simulation model is established,and the simulation result shows that for the 115 k W resistor,there is a downward section where the temperature of the resistor exceeds the limit during full-line operation,while the 130 k W resistor can satisfy the need for full-line operation.As the volume,weight,noise and other indicators of the 130 k W resistor are all beyond those of the 115 k W resistor and its manufacture cost is higher than that of the 115 k W resistor,the metro line studied in this article still considers adopting 115 k W resistor.To match the full-line operating temperature of the 115 k W brake resistor,two optimization solutions are proposed for optimizing the structure of the resistor and appropriately reducing the electric braking power in the high-speed section.Based on the optimization solution,the simulation test and the engineering test have been carried out,and the test results show that the proposed optimization of the resistors with the S-shape section by means of appropriate ante-displacement of the speed point where the constant force of electric braking is switched to the constant power in the long and large down slope section allows reducing the maximum temperature of the 115 k W resistor during full-line operation to below the maximum permissible temperature so as to satisfy the full-line operation need of the metro line studied in this article.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 制动电阻 温度仿真 结构优化 电制动功率 

分 类 号：U270.35[机械工程—车辆工程]