张之洞“通经”思想与《书目答问》经部著录分类探析  

Zhang Zhidong’s“Tong Jing”Thought and the Bibliography Classification Analysis of“Jing”in the Shu Mu Da Wen

作　　者：房亮 Fang Liang(School of Information Management,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《图书馆杂志》2024年第8期136-142,96,共8页Library Journal

摘　　要：张之洞从“通经”思想出发,改变了古代书目“聚传习一部古典之书为一类”的分类原则以及“以时为次”罗列经部文献清单的著录标准。《书目答问》首先区分“经”与“经说”,确立“正经”具有公理前提性,也是所有“经说”的对象和基础;其次,又将“经说”区分为“古注”与后续的列朝“经说”。前者是“经说”典范,故亦称“正注”,并成为后者的标杆。由此形成从“正经”到“正注”再到列朝“经说”的由源竟流的学术演进之迹;反过来,从列朝“经说”到“正注”再到“正经”的因流溯源,则成为“通经”从而表彰儒家经典价值的必由进路。至少就经部而言,“通经”的学术诉求比目录学自身的逻辑更为本质地制约着《书目答问》的文献著录与分类。Based on his idea of“Tong Jing”,namely regarded Jing as the fundamental foundation for governing a country and society,Zhang Zhidong changed the classification principle of ancient bibliographies of“gathering and transmitting one classical book as one category”and the description standard“in chronological order”to line up the list of Jing documents.Firstly,Shu Mu Da Wen distinguished between“Jing”and“Jing Shuo”,establishing that“Zheng Jing”have axiomatic premise and are also the object and basis of all“Jing Shuo”;Secondly,it distinguishes the“Jing Shuo”into“Gu Zhu”and“Jing Shu”of subsequent dynasty,the former is a model of“Jing Shuo”,so it is also called“Zheng Zhu”,and has become the benchmark for the latter.As a result,the academic evolution from“Zheng Jing”to“Zheng Zhu”and then to the“Jing Shuo”of the dynasties demonstrate the characteristics of the process from source to stream.Conversely,tracing the origin of the“Jing Shuo”to the“Zheng Zhu”and then to the“Zheng Jing”has become the only way to“Tong Jing”and highlighted the value of the Confucian classics.At least as far as the“Jing”is concerned,the academic appeal of“Tong Jing”is more essential than the logic of bibliography itself,which restricts the bibliography and classification of the Shu Mu Da Wen.

关 键 词：张之洞 《书目答问》 通经思想 

分 类 号：G257[文化科学—图书馆学]