基于77 GHz毫米波角雷达的天线罩优化设计方法  

An effective optimization method for radome based on77 GHz millimeter wave corner radar

作　　者：邓舒文 彭辉[1,2] 万振中 高仁璟 DENG Shu-wen;PENG Hui;WAN Zhen-zhong;GAO Ren-jing(State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology,Ningbo 315016,China;BYD Auto Industry Company Limited,Shenzhen 518118,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,大连116024 [2]大连理工大学宁波研究院,宁波315016 [3]比亚迪汽车工业有限公司,深圳518118

出　　处：《计算力学学报》2024年第4期618-625,共8页Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12172076);深圳市科技研究发展基金(JSGG20200102155001779)资助项目.

摘　　要：77 GHz毫米波雷达因其体积小和分辨率高等特点在无人驾驶车辆领域具有广阔的应用前景。天线罩作为毫米波雷达系统的重要组成部分,能有效防御恶劣环境对雷达系统工作性能的影响,但天线罩在保护雷达系统的同时会在雷达电磁波传播路径上引入介质,从而造成天线辐射性能的衰减。为了改善天线罩对雷达天线辐射性能的影响,本文提出了一种基于77 GHz毫米波角雷达天线罩的优化设计方法。该优化方法以遗传算法(GA)作为优化算法,运用MATLAB将GA与高频仿真软件HFSS结合,通过优化拱形天线罩横截面圆弧的圆心角和天线罩与天线的垂直间距,使雷达天线在其工作频段内具有高增益和低旁瓣的同时,增大天线3 dB方位面波束宽度,提高毫米波角雷达视场角的宽度。仿真结果表明,优化天线罩后阵列天线的3 dB方位面波束宽度增大了37°,工作带宽增大了1.04 GHz,俯仰面最大旁瓣降低了1.02 dB。分析结果表明,基于优化方法设计的天线罩能够有效增大毫米波角雷达阵列天线的视场角,拓宽该雷达天线阵列的工作频带,并降低其俯仰面最大旁瓣。77 GHz毫米波角雷达天线罩数值算例验证了该优化方法的有效性。77 GHz millimeter-wave radar has broad application prospects in the field of unmanned vehicles due to its small size and high resolution.As an important part of the millimeter wave radar system,radome can protect radar working state from the harsh environment.However,the radome will introduce a medium on the propagation path of the radar electromagnetic wave,which will cause the antenna radiation to be attenuated.In order to improve the influence of the radome on the radiation performance of the radar antenna,this paper proposes an optimal design method for radome based on 77 GHz millimeter-wave corner radar.The optimization method uses the genetic algorithm (GA) as the optimization algorithm and uses MATLAB to combine the GA and the high-frequency simulation software HFSS.The method optimizes the arc central angle of the arched radome cross section and the vertical distance between radome and antenna,so that the radar antenna has a high gain and low side lobes in its working frequency band,and increases the 3 dB azimuth bandwidth to increase the width of the field of view of millimeter-wave corner radar.The simulation results show that the 3 dB azimuth bandwidth of the array antenna with the optimized radome is increased by 37°,the working bandwidth is increased by 1.04 GHz,and the maximum side lobe in the elevation plane is reduced by 1.02 dB.The results show that the radome designed based on the proposed optimization method can effectively increase the field of view of the millimeter-wave corner radar array antenna,widen the working frequency band of the radar antenna array,and reduce the elevation maximum side lobes.The numerical example of the 77 GHz millimeter-wave corner radome verifies the effectiveness of the optimization method.

关 键 词：天线罩 毫米波角雷达天线 宽视场角 优化方法 

分 类 号：TP732.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] O224[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]