功能结构调控降低改性单基发射药温度系数的研究  

Effect of Low Temperature Coefficient on the Functional Structure Modification of Single-Based Propellant

作　　者：陈春林 赵剑春 涂雯雯 熊鹏 杨琴 杨奇 张俊 CHEN Chun-lin;ZHAO Jian-chun;TU Wen-wen;XIONG Peng;YANG Qin;YANG Qi;ZHANG Jun(Lu Zhou North Chemical Industries Co.,Ltd.,Luzhou 646003,China)

机构地区：[1]泸州北方化学工业有限公司,四川泸州646003

出　　处：《含能材料》2024年第8期811-817,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

摘　　要：为适应发射药不同作战环境应用需求,以低温度系数的调控原理为基础,研究了单基发射药物理结构功能改性、钝感及表面处理三种方法对发射药低温度系数的调控效果。采用内弹道性能测试对发射药性能进行评价,并对低温度系数调控机理进行了探讨。当发射药经增孔剂(5%)和含能固体材料(55μm)物理结构功能改性、醇酯钝感(MA)及表面敏化处置后,发射药低温速度温度系数能有效控制在5%以内,高温膛压温度系数能有效控制在10%以内。经分析,发射药低温度系数调控机理主要为:在发射药内部形成预制孔道、不规则凸起、未封闭界面和带端面封堵的拉链状内孔端面结构。在低温条件下,发射药堵(闭)孔层及钝感剂变脆、抗冲击能力减弱,微孔及界面的破碎倾向增大,促使发射药在低温条件下初始燃面增大;在高温条件下,发射药堵(闭)孔层闭孔现象加剧,PMA(MA聚合物)呈膨胀状态挤占孔穴,抗冲击能力增强,孔道及界面的破碎倾向减小,促使发射药在高温条件下初始燃面降低。研究通过燃面补偿法的技术途径,实现燃面对燃速的补偿,最终达到调控发射药温度系数的目的。To adapt to the operational requirements of the wide temperature range environment for the single-based propellant,this work investigated the modification effects of temperature coefficient of propellant through physical structure modification,insensitive technology,and surface modification methods.Here,the prepared propellant was evaluated by the internal ballistic performance test.The low temperature velocity temperature coefficient and high temperature chamber pressure temperature coefficient could be controlled below 5%and 10%,respectively when the propellant was modified with 5%pore extender,a particle size of energetic solid material of 55μm,the insensitive agent MA,and surface sensibilization modification.The modification mechanism for the propellant towards these methods is attributed to that the pores,irregular bulge,open interface,and zipper hole section structure are formed.Hence,at the lower temperature condition,because of the porous layer and PMA of the propellant becoming brittle,the impact resistance-being weakened,the fracture tendency of the pores and the interface being increased,the initial burning surface of the propellant was increased at low temperature.At the lower temperature condition,because of the closed hole phenomenon of the propellant blocked(closed)hole layer being intensified,insensitive agent being expanded and squeezed into the hole,the impact resistance being enhanced,the fracture tendency of the pore and the interface being reduced,the initial burning surface of the propellant was reduced under high temperature conditions.Through the compensation of the burning rate,the aim of adjusting the temperature coefficient of the propellant is achieved.

关 键 词：温度系数 功能结构改性 发射药 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]