基于高密度站点的四川复杂地形下大风特征分析  

Analysis of Gale Characteristics in Complex Terrain of Sichuan Based on High-Density Stations

作　　者：龙柯吉[1,3] 郭旭 黄晓龙 周威 康岚[1,3] LONG Keji;GUO Xu;HUANG Xiaolong;ZHOU Wei;KANG Lan(Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory,Chengdu 610072,China;Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observation and Data Centre,Chengdu 610072,China;Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省气象台,成都610072 [2]四川省气象探测数据中心,成都610072 [3]高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都610072

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2024年第1期69-77,共9页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2021YFC3000900);高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金(SCQXKJYJXZD202201,SCQXKJZD202101);四川省气象局智能网格预报创新团队;四川省自然科学基金重点项目(2022NSFC0021)。

摘　　要：基于四川省2016—2021年4—9月大风事件和闪电资料,将大风类型分为雷暴大风和一般大风,统计分析了两类大风的时空分布特征及与地形因子的关系。结果表明:四川地区两类大风均呈现高原多、盆地少的特征,大风类型普遍以一般大风为主,盆地内部分站点雷暴大风占比较高。各个分区不同类型大风发生频次均存在日变化和月变化。对于风速,盆地南部大风更强,盆地东北部和攀西地区的雷暴大风次之。对于风向,川西高原一般大风以北风和西南风为主,雷暴大风以北风为主,攀西地区和盆地不同分区的两类大风均以北风和东北风为主。大风的发生频次和风速与不同地形因子有一定的关系,不同类型大风总体变化趋势类似。发生频次均随海拔高度的增大逐渐增大,随坡度、粗糙度和起伏度的增大先增大后减小。风速随海拔高度的增大而增大,随坡度增大先增大后减小,而粗糙度和起伏度越小,平均风速和最大风速越大。Based on the gale events and lightning data from April to September in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021,the gales are classified into thunderstorm gales and ordinary gales,and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the two types of gales and their relationship with terrain factors are analyzed statistically.The results show that the two types of gales in Sichuan are characterized by more on the plateau and less in the basin.The gales are generally dominated by ordinary gales,and thunderstorm gales are relatively high at some stations in the basin.The occurrence frequency of different types of gales in each subarea has daily and monthly changes.For wind speed,the gale in the south of the basin is stronger,followed by the thunderstorm gale in the northeast of the basin and Panzhihua-Xichang region.For wind direction,ordinary gales in the western Sichuan plateau are mainly north wind and southwest wind,while the thunderstorm gales are mainly north wind,and the two types of gales in different regions of Panzhihua-Xichang region and the basin are mainly north wind and northeast wind.The occurrence frequency and wind speed of gales have a certain relationship with different terrain factors,and the general variation trend of different types of gales is similar.The frequency of occurrence increases with the increase of altitude,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of slope,roughness and undulation.The wind speed increases with the increase of altitude,increases first and then decreases with the increase of slope,the smaller the roughness and undulation,the greater the average wind speed and maximum wind speed.

关 键 词：四川 雷暴大风 加密自动站 复杂地形 时空分布 

分 类 号：P468.026[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]