江西宜春袁州农用地富硒土壤分布及重金属环境容量研究  

Study on selenium-rich soil distribution and heavy metal environmental capacity of agricultural land in Yuanzhou district of Yichun city,Jiangxi province

作　　者：尹婷婷 蔡海生[1] 张学玲[2] 何庆港 刘瑛 YIN Ting-ting;CAI Hai-sheng;ZHANG Xue-ling;HE Qing-gang;LIU Ying(Jiangxi Agricultural University,Innovation Research Base of Natural Resources Utilization Technology and Management of Jiangxi Province/Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Ecology of Nanchang/Development Research Center of Selenium-rich Agricultural Industry,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045;Agriculture Bureau of Yichun City,Yichun Jiangxi 336099)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学,江西省自然资源利用科技与管理创新研究基地/南昌市鄱阳湖生态重点实验室/富硒农业产业发展研究中心,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学,国家林草局鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复实验室,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省宜春市农业农村局,江西宜春336099

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第6期35-44,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660140,31560150);江西省高校人文社科重点研究基地项目(2018-32);江西省自然资源厅项目(QY20220084,JXYJY2023004)。

摘　　要：江西省宜春市袁州区拥有丰富的土壤硒资源,但由于城镇化和工业化的迅速推进所导致的土壤重金属种类和数量的增多,以及土壤硒与重金属伴生关系的存在,使得富硒土壤一定程度上受到重金属威胁,限制了富硒农产品的开发利用。采集检测袁州区162份表层土壤样品中铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、镍(Ni)8种重金属的含量,通过土壤重金属环境容量估算以及运用环境容量指数法和空间插值法评价得到袁州区农用地富硒土壤重金属环境容量水平及空间分布情况,据此分析袁州区农用地富硒土壤重金属污染状况。结果表明:(1)整个袁州区农用地可以划分为富硒、潜在富硒和足硒3种土壤,分别占袁州区农用地的74.04%、16.00%和9.96%。(2)Pb、Cr、As、Hg、Cu、Zn和Ni 7种重金属在8个年限内的平均静态年容量和平均动态年容量大小排序相同,从大到小依次为Zn、 Cr、Pb、Ni、As、Cu、Hg,7种重金属的平均静态和动态年容量都随着控制年限的增长而减小,且7种重金属的平均动态年容量都比平均静态年容量大。(3)研究区富硒土壤中的Pb、Cr、As、Hg、Cu、Zn和Ni 7种重金属都以中容量区为主,而Cd主要为超载区。综合来看,研究区85%以上为低容量区,整体容量较小,土壤受到中度污染,为提高研究区土壤重金属环境容量,降低污染程度,保证富硒农产品的安全,可针对不同容量区采取土壤污染防控和修复等措施。Yuanzhou district of Yichan city in Jiangxi province has abundant soil selenium resources,but due to the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization,the types and quantities of soil heavy metals have increased,and the existence of the associated relationship between soil selenium and heavy metals makes the selenium-rich soils threatened by certain heavy metals,which restricts the development and utilization of selenium-rich agricultural products.In this study,the contents of eight heavy metals,namely lead(Pb),chromium(Cr),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn)and nickel(Ni),were collected and detected in 162 surface soil samples in Yuanzhou district,and the environmental capacity level and spatial distribution of selenium-rich soil in agricultural land in Yuanzhou district were analyzed by estimating the environmental capacity of soil heavy metals and using the environmental capacity index method and spatial interpolation method,and the heavy metal pollution status of selenium-rich soil in agricultural land in Yuanzhou district was analyzed.The results showed that:(1)The entire agricultural land in Yuanzhou district could be divided into three kinds of soils:selenium-rich,potentially selenium-rich and selenium-sufficient,accounting for 74.04%,16.00%and 9.96%of the agricultural land in Yuanzhou district,respectively.(2)The average static annual capacity and average dynamic annual capacity of Pb,Cr,As,Hg,Cu,Zn and Ni in 8 years were sorted the same,in order of Zn>Cr>Pb>Ni>As>Cu>Hg,the average static and dynamic annual capacity of these seven heavy metals decreased with the increase of the control period,and the average dynamic annual capacity of the seven heavy metals was larger than the average static annual capacity.(3)The seven heavy metals of Pb,Cr,As,Hg,Cu,Zn and Ni in selenium-rich soil in the study area were mainly in the medium capacity area,while Cd was mainly in the overload area.On the whole,more than 85%of the study area was belonged to low capacity area,and the overall capa

关 键 词：富硒 重金属 环境容量 土壤修复 袁州区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X26