基于水安全计划的供水系统风险管理的国际经验及启示  

International Experience and Revelation for Risk Management of Water Supply System Based on Water Safety Plans

作　　者：王真臻 桂萍 李萌萌[1,2] 陈京 宋陆阳[1,2] 郝天 李琳[1,2] WANG Zhenzhen;GUI Ping;LI Mengmeng;CHEN Jing;SONG Luyang;HAO Tian;LI Lin(Engineering Technology Innovation Center for Drinking Water Safety and Security,Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,Beijing 100044,China;China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]住房城乡建设部饮用水安全保障工程技术创新中心,北京100044 [2]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第8期1-11,共11页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0609100,2022YFF0609104)。

摘　　要：“水安全计划”(WSPs)在近20年的国际实践中被证实是提升供水系统的卫生安全的有效手段。自2004年世界卫生组织引入WSPs后,我国迅速开展了相关的试点项目,但迄今为止的案例多集中在水处理过程或个别企业,与国际上WSPs全面实施WSPs相比仍处于早期阶段。文章通过对WSPs国内外实践案例的对比分析,识别WSPs全面实施的技术要点,从引入国家管理政策、优化监测体系建设、完善风险评估方法和加强组织合作4个方面对发达国家基于WSPs开展供水系统风险管理的经验进行总结,在此基础上对我国尚存在的薄弱环节进行识别,最终提出了对我国通过加强WSPs的实施提升供水系统安全水平的建议。The Water Safety Plans(WSPs)have proven to be effective means of improving the health security of water supply systems in the past 20 years.Since the introduction of WSPs by the World Health Organization in 2004,China has rapidly carried out relevant pilot projects,but most of the cases so far have focused on the water treatment process or individual enterprises,and it is still in the early stage compared with the full implementation of WSPs in the international WSPs.Through the comparative analysis of the domestic and foreign practice cases of water security plans,the technical points of the full implementation of WSPs are identified,and the experience of developed countries in carrying out water supply system risk management based on WSPs is summarized from four aspects:introducing national management policies,optimizing the construction of monitoring systems,improving risk assessment methods and strengthening organizational cooperation.On the basis of this,the paper identifies the existing weak links,and finally puts forward some suggestions to improve the safety level of water supply system by strengthening the implementation of WSPs at home.

关 键 词：水安全计划(WSPs) 世界卫生组织 国家政策管理 风险管理 风险评估方法 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]