土壤磷添加对速生期杉木叶片性状和磷组分分配的影响研究  

Effects of Soil Phosphorus Addition on Leaf Traits and Phosphorus Fractions Allocation of Fast-growing Chinese Fir

作　　者：宋崇林 陈健[1] 张运 肖文发[1] 史作民[1] 吴建国[2] 赵广东[1] SONG Chong-lin;CHEN Jian;ZHANG Yun;XIAO Wen-fa;SHI Zuo-min;WU Jian-guo;ZHAO Guang-dong(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi,China;Aerial Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Group Co.,Ltd.,of China National Administration of Coal Geology(ARSC),Xi'an 710199,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600 [3]陕西省子洲县周家硷镇人民政府陕西子洲718408

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第4期24-32,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0600201)。

摘　　要：[目的]选取亚热带地区10年生杉木人工林,探究其叶片性状对土壤P添加的响应以及叶片磷组分随P添加的分配模式变化,为提高杉木人工林生产力提供一定的科学依据。[方法]选定3块样地,在每块样地设置6个处理,每个处理随机施P量分别为0(CK)、60(P1)、120(P2)、180(P3)、240(P4)、300(P5)kg·hm^(−2)·a^(−1),进行为期3年的模拟P沉降控制实验。研究了比叶面积(SLA)、叶干物质含量(LDMC)、叶氮(N)、叶磷(P)、N/P、叶片最大净光合速率(A_(max))、光合氮磷利用效率(PNUE、PPUE)和核酸磷(nucleic acids)、脂质磷(phospholipids)、代谢磷(metabolic)、残渣磷(residual)、无机磷(Pi)的响应及其相关性。[结果]与CK相比较,P2、P3处理下SLA增加了37.9%、25.7%,LDMC减少了9.4%、12.5%;不同梯度土壤P添加下叶N含量无显著差异,但叶P含量比CK增加29.4%~49.4%,N/P相对CK减少18.2%~27.3%;P3处理下PNUE、PPUE和A_(max)均达到最大值,相对CK分别增加174.9%、116.4%、125.9%;除P2、P3处理外,叶片磷组分更倾向于增加核酸磷比例,P3处理主要偏向于增加代谢磷分配,而且代谢磷和PNUE呈现正相关也表明其是叶片净光合速率提高的重要因素。[结论]P3处理下的A_(max)最高,显著提高了PNUE和PPUE,可以有效缓解杉木的P限制状况,促进了杉木的生长发育。[Objective]To study the response of leaf traits to soil P addition and the change of leaf P fractions distribution pattern with the addition of P in 10-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.plantation in subtropical region,so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the productivity of Chinese fir plantation[Method]Three plots were selected,with six treatments in each plot.The P addition amounts of each treatment lasting for three years were 0(CK),60(P1),120(P2),180(P3),240(P4),300(P5)kg·hm^(−2)·a^(−1),respectively,.Leaf traits including specific leaf area(SLA),leaf dry matter content(LDMC),leaf nitrogen(N),leaf phosphorus(P),N/P,maximum net photosynthetic rate(Amax),photosynthetic nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency(PNUE,PPUE),and phosphorus fractions including nucleic acids,phospholipids,metabolic,residual,and inorganic phosphorus(Pi)were studied to explore their responses to P addition.[Result]Compared with CK,SLA increased by 37.9%and 25.7%,and LDMC decreased by 9.4%and 12.5%under P2 and P3 treatments.There were no significant differences in leaf N content among different soil P gradients,but leaf P content increased by 29.4%to 49.4%compared with CK,and N/P decreased by 18.2%to 27.3%relative to CK.PNUE,PPUE,and Amax reached their maximum values under P3 treatment,increasing by 174.9%,116.4%,and 125.9%relative to CK,respectively.Except for P2 and P3 treatments,leaf phosphorus fractions tended to increase in nucleic acids proportion.The positive correlation between metabolic phosphorus and PNUE also indicated that it was an important factor in increasing the net photosynthetic rate of leaves.[Conclusion]Amax is the highest under treatment P3,which significantly increases PNUE and PPUE,alleviates P limitation,and promotes growth of Chinese fir.

关 键 词：杉木 土壤磷添加 功能性状 叶片磷组分 相关性 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]