内科护理对肾衰竭患者透析前后的健康管理作用  

作　　者：陈春蕊 

机构地区：[1]河北省廊坊市香河县中医医院,河北廊坊065400

出　　处：《医学前沿》2024年第5期109-111,共3页Frontiers of Medicine

摘　　要：目的:本研究旨在探讨内科护理对肾衰竭患者透析前后健康管理的作用,通过系统的护理干预,提高患者的生活质量和透析效果。研究重点在于评估护理措施在控制患者并发症、改善患者心理状态及提高治疗依从性方面的效果。方法:本研究为前瞻性对照研究,纳入2022年3月至2023年9月期间在我院接受透析治疗的60例肾衰竭患者。患者被随机分为观察组和对照组,各组各30例。对照组接受常规透析护理,观察组在此基础上增加个性化健康管理护理,包括心理疏导、饮食管理、透析知识教育及并发症预防等。数据通过问卷调查和临床记录收集,主要评估指标包括并发症发生率、生活质量评分(SF-36量表)、心理状态(焦虑自评量表SAS、抑郁自评量表SDS)及治疗依从性。数据采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析,组间比较采用t检验或卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:研究结果显示,观察组患者在并发症发生率、生活质量评分、心理状态及治疗依从性方面均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率为10%,明显低于对照组的26.7%;生活质量评分在观察组显著提高,平均评分从透析前的55.6±12.4提高到透析后的72.8±10.2;焦虑和抑郁评分在透析后显著降低,分别从透析前的60.4±8.5和58.7±7.9降低至透析后的43.2±6.7和42.1±6.5。治疗依从性在观察组患者中明显提高,达到了92%。结论:系统化的内科护理对肾衰竭患者透析前后的健康管理具有重要作用,能够有效降低并发症发生率,改善患者的生活质量和心理状态,并提高治疗依从性。本研究支持在肾衰竭患者的透析过程中实施个性化护理干预,以优化患者的治疗效果和生活质量。Objective:This study aims to explore the role of internal medicine nursing in the health management of patients with renal failure before and after dialysis.Through systematic nursing interventions,the goal is to improve patients'quality of life and dialysis outcomes.The study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of nursing measures in controlling complications,improving patients'psychological state,and enhancing treatment adherence.Methods:This study is a prospective controlled study including 60 patients with renal failure who received dialysis in our hospital between March 2022 and September 2023.Patients were randomly divided into observation and control groups,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received routine dialysis care,and the observation group added personalized health management care on this basis,including psychological counseling,diet management,dialysis knowledge education and complication prevention.Data were collected through questionnaires and clinical records,and the main assessment indicators included complication rate,quality of life score(SF-36 scale),psychological status(anxiety self-rating scale SAS,depression self-rating scale SDS),and treatment compliance.Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software,groups were compared using t-test or Chi-square test,and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:The study results showed that the observation group significantly outperformed the control group in terms of complication rates,quality of life scores,psychological state,and treatment adherence(P<0.05).The complication rate in the observation group was 10%,significantly lower than 26.7%in the control group.The quality of life score in the observation group significantly increased,with the average score rising from 55.6±12.4 before dialysis to 72.8±10.2 after dialysis.Anxiety and depression scores significantly decreased after dialysis,from 60.4±8.5 and 58.7±7.9 before dialysis to 43.2±6.7 and 42.1±6.5 after dialysis,respectively.Treatment ad

关 键 词：肾衰竭 透析 内科护理 健康管理 个性化护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]