国际科技组织与国际科技合作计划中的科学数据安全治理  

Governance of Scientific Data Sharing within International Organizations and International Science and Technology Project

作　　者：李宜展 董璐[1] 王东瑶 张鸿 王志强 魏韧[1] 李泽霞[1,2] LI YiZhan;DONG Lu;WANG DongYao;ZHANG Hong;WANG ZhiQiang;WEI Ren;LI ZeXia(National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100864,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院文献情报中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100190 [3]中国科学院国际合作局,北京100864

出　　处：《农业大数据学报》2024年第2期161-169,共9页Journal of Agricultural Big Data

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“科学数据安全边界研究”(编号22CTQ031);中国科学院地球系统科学国际合作开放创新数据安全管理项目“地球系统科学国际数据安全管理咨询”(编号E3900421);中国科学院国际合作与国际化发展战略研究中心建设重点项目(编号E4290401)。

摘　　要：科学数据共享程度加大、国际形势复杂多变、信息技术突飞猛进,国际合作中的科学数据安全问题日益凸显,科学数据安全工作面对挑战。本文在厘清科学数据安全内涵的基础上,以代表性国际科技组织和大型国际科技计划为例,剖析典型国际科技合作中的科学数据共享安全治理政策与实践,为我国制定相关政策提供参考借鉴。因此,建议应继续遵循“开放为常态、不开放为例外”理念,灵活运用“例外”和“豁免清单”在义务和权利间取得平衡;进一步完善国内科学数据安全治理政策体系,及时掌握国际科学数据政策动态,提高国际科技合作中的科学数据政策透明度与合规性;综合考虑科技数据资源、风险管控技术等因素,实施真正意义上的对等交换;培养精通国际政策法规和行业惯例、技术布局全面的数据安全保障团队。The increasing interconnectedness and reusability of scientific data have brought forth unparalleled challenges in the realm of international science and technology(S&T)cooperation.Against the backdrop of a dynamic and intricate international landscape,the rapid evolution of information technology has accentuated the salience of security concerns surrounding scientific data,thereby imposing significant challenges upon extant security frameworks.This paper,following a meticulous elucidation of the concept of scientific data safety,systematically consolidates governance policies and practices pertaining to scientific data sharing gleaned from prominent international S&T organizations and major international S&T initiatives.Four discerning recommendations are delineated:(1)Advocating the principle of"openness as the norm,with exceptions,"by discerningly deploying"exceptions"and"exemption lists"to strike a harmonious balance between obligations and rights;(2)Continuously enhancing the domestic governance policy ecosystem for scientific data security,thereby fostering transparency and compliance with scientific data policies within the ambit of international S&T collaborations;(3)Adopting a comprehensive approach that duly considers factors such as scientific data resources and risk control technologies,to facilitate genuine peer-to-peer scientific data exchanges;(4)Instituting a proficient data safety team adept in international policies,regulations,and best practices,and fortified with a robust array of technical competencies.

关 键 词：科学数据 安全治理 国际科技组织 国际合作计划 哥白尼计划 

分 类 号：TP309.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]