成渝盆地典型地区夏季大气非甲烷烃污染特征及来源解析  

Pollution characteristics and source apportionments of ambient NMHCs during summer in typical areas of the Chengdu-Chongqing Basin

作　　者：付晓辛 张洲[2,3] 谌书[1] 欧钟湘渝 张艳利[3] 王新明[3] FU Xiaoxin;ZHANG Zhou;CHEN Shu;OU Zhongxiangyu;ZHANG Yanli;WANG Xinming(Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010;Changsha Center for Mineral Resources Exploration,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410013;State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学,固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,绵阳621010 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,长沙矿产资源勘查中心,长沙410013 [3]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第8期35-47,共13页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.41831285);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.41603094)。

摘　　要：非甲烷烃(NMHCs)是臭氧污染的关键前体物.本研究在成渝盆地典型城区站点(绵阳市西南科技大学)于2019年8月高温连晴期间进行环境空气中57种NMHCs样品采集.结果表明,NMHCs平均浓度为(11.26±4.57)×10^(-9),其中,烷烃是最主要的成分(58.2%),芳香烃和炔烃分别占13.2%和11.2%,烯烃(不包括异戊二烯)占9.3%,异戊二烯占8.1%.工作日NMHCs浓度((11.93±4.37)×10^(-9))显著高于周末((9.94±4.82)×10^(-9))(p<0.05),其中,烷烃、炔烃和芳香烃的工作日浓度分别是周末浓度的1.2~1.3倍(p<0.05),异戊二烯浓度工作日比周末低20%(p<0.05),而烯烃浓度工作日与周末无显著性差异(p>0.05). NMHCs浓度随时间呈“早晚高,中午低”的变化规律,典型源示踪物比值等分析表明NMHCs组成变化主要受不同时段主要污染源排放、大气光化学活性及边界层和气象条件等因素共同影响.光化学反应活性分析发现,异戊二烯(39.0%~67.7%)、芳香烃(12.2%~31.1%)和烯烃(不包括异戊二烯,11.0%~16.3%)是对臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和等效丙烯浓度(PEC)贡献最高的物系,其中,异戊二烯、乙烯和间/对-二甲苯是绵阳市夏季大气环境中的关键活性化合物.绵阳市夏季NMHCs的主要来源是汽油车尾气(23.2%)、植物排放(15.2%)、工业过程溶剂使用(15.2%)和汽油挥发(13.9%).Non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHCs)are key precursors of ozone pollution.In this study,samples of 57 NMHCs species were collected at the typical urban station of the Chengdu-Chongqing Basin(Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang)during the consecutive sunny period of August 2019.The average concentration of NMHCs was(11.26±4.57)×10^(-9).Alkanes were the most abundant components of NMHCs(58.2%),followed by aromatic hydrocarbons and alkynes with contributions of 13.2%and 11.2%,respectively,while alkenes(except isoprene)and isoprene accounted for 9.3%and 8.1%,respectively.The concentration of NMHCs on weekdays((11.93±4.37)×10^(-9))was significantly higher than that on weekends((9.94±4.82)×10^(-9))(p<0.05).The concentrations of alkanes,alkynes and aromatics on weekdays were also 1.2~1.3 times higher than those on weekends(p<0.05).However,the concentration of isoprene was 20%lower on weekdays than that on weekends(p<0.05),while alkenes showed similar concentrations between weekdays and weekends(p>0.05).The diurnal variation of NMHCs showed a pattern of“high in the morning and night,low in the midday”,which was mainly influenced by sources emissions,photochemical activity,boundary layer and meteorological conditions.Isoprene(39.0%~67.7%),aromatic hydrocarbon(12.2%~31.1%)and alkenes(except isoprene,11.0%~16.3%)were the main components of OFP and PEC,with isoprene,ethylene and m/p-xylene as the key active compounds.The main sources of NMHCs in summer of Mianyang were gasoline exhaust(23.2%),plant emission(15.2%),industrial process and solvent use(15.2%)and gasoline evaporation(13.9%).

关 键 词：非甲烷烃(NMHCs) 污染特征 臭氧生成潜势 来源解析 成渝盆地 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]