论承认与执行外国民商事判决的单边自由化  

Unilateral Liberalization of the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Civil and Commercial Judgments

作　　者：黄志慧[1] Huang Zhihui

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《国际法研究》2024年第4期143-160,共18页Chinese Review of International Law

基　　金：中南财经政法大学基本科研业务费专项经费“全球治理中我国国际民事管辖权体系研究”(项目编号:2722024BY010);国家社科基金项目“全球治理中我国承认与执行外国民事判决制度构建研究”(项目编号:21CFX052)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：鉴于当前外国民商事判决承认与执行的全球性多边机制实际成效有限,故需关注促进民商事判决跨国流动的国内法实践。晚近诸多国家承认与执行外国民商事判决的国内法实践呈现单边自由化的趋势。该趋势不仅与一国对国际私法功能转变的认知有关,也源于全球化时代建立共同市场的客观要求。承认与执行外国民商事判决的单边自由化能为本国在多边机制之外开辟一种协调彼此民商事判决承认与执行规范的新路径。不过,当前国家间司法互信的程度有限,这也为一国限制承认与执行外国民商事判决的单边自由化提供了理据。合理划定一国承认与执行外国民商事判决单边自由化的边界,协调民商事判决效力跨国稳定性的保障与法院地重大利益的维护之间的关系,有助于妥善兼顾外国民商事判决承认与执行制度所蕴含的治理价值与权利价值。在加快推进涉外法治体系建设的进程中,中国应妥善实施承认与执行外国民商事判决的规范体系,积极回应承认与执行外国民商事判决单边自由化的实践趋势,保障民商事判决的跨国有序流动,助力本国参与国际民商事纠纷的全球治理,并借此构建公平合理的国际民商事新秩序。It is necessary to focus on domestic practice of promoting cross-border movement of civil and commercial judgments due to the limited effectiveness of the global multilateral mechanisms regulating and guaranteeing recognition and enforcement of civil and commercial judgments(REJ).The current practice of REJ shows a tendency of unilateral liberalization.This trend is not only related to the transformation of the understanding on the function of private international law,but also stems from the objective requirement of establishing common market in an era of globalization.The unilateral liberalization of REJ not only deeply reveals that the system of REJ which depends on the mutual trust of different states can be used as a global governance mode of civil and commercial disputes,but also a new way for a state to coordinate the norms of REJ outside the multilateral mechanism.At present,the degree of judicial mutual trust between different countries is limited,which provides a legitimate reason to restrict the unilateral liberalization of REJ.For the purpose of balancing governance values and right values in the REJ,it is important to delimit the border of unilateral liberalization of REJ,and to coordinate the guarantee of the stability of the transnational validity of civil and commercial judgments and the maintenance of the important interests of the forum country.In the process of accelerating the construction of rule of law in foreign affairs,China should properly implement the normative system of REJ,respond positively to the practice trend of unilateral liberalization of REJ,and ensure the transnational orderly flow of civil and commercial judgments.It will help China to participate in the global governance of international civil and commercial disputes,so as to build a fair and reasonable international civil and commercial order.

关 键 词：外国判决 承认与执行 单边自由化 全球治理 司法互信 权利价值 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学]