Clathrate metal superhydrides under high-pressure conditions:enroute to room-temperature superconductivity  

作　　者：Ying Sun Xin Zhong Hanyu Liu Yanming Ma 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods&Software of Ministry of Education,College of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials,College of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China [3]International Centerof Future Science,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China

出　　处：《National Science Review》2024年第7期27-40,共14页国家科学评论（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52090024);the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB33000000);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12074138,52288102,12374009 and 12034009).

摘　　要：Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream of mankind and a focus of considerable interest in the research field of superconductivity.Significant progress has recently been achieved in hydrogen-based superconductors found in superhydrides(hydrides with unexpectedly high hydrogen contents)that are stabilized under high-pressure conditions and are not capturable at ambient conditions.Of particular interest is the discovery of a class of best-ever-known superconductors in clathrate metal superhydrides that hold the record for high superconductivity(e.g.T_(c)=250–260 K for LaH_(10))among known superconductors and have great promise to be those that realize the long-sought room-temperature superconductivity.In these peculiar clathrate superhydrides,hydrogen forms unusual‘clathrate’cages containing encaged metal atoms,of which such a kind was first reported in a calcium hexa-superhydride(CaH_(6))showing a measured high T_(c)of 215 K under a pressure of 170 GPa.In this review,we aim to offer an overview of the current status of research progress on the clathrate metal superhydride superconductors,discuss the superconducting mechanism and highlight the key features(e.g.structure motifs,bonding features,electronic structure,etc.)that govern the high-temperature superconductivity.Future research direction along this line to find room-temperature superconductors will be discussed.

关 键 词：clathrate superhydrides high-temperature superconductivity high-pressure conditions crystal structure prediction 

分 类 号：O511[理学—低温物理] TQ125.12[理学—物理]