中国生物柴油产业面临的挑战及发展建议  

Challenges and suggestions for biodiesel industry in China

作　　者：王丹 宋兆国 毕研涛[2] 郭小丰 高鸿博 WANG Dan;SONG Zhaoguo;BI Yantao;GUO Xiaofeng;GAO Hongbo(China Marine Bunker(PetroChina)Co.,Ltd.;CNPC Economics and Technology Research Institute)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶燃料有限责任公司 [2]中国石油集团经济技术研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2024年第7期62-68,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：生物柴油具有更好的环保性能、储输安全性和发动机启动性能。生物柴油逐步形成四类原料三代技术的发展路径,生物柴油四类原料主要为可食用油脂、非粮油脂、废弃油脂或藻类油脂、二氧化碳或生物质,目前第二代生物柴油技术是各国技术商竞争的焦点。中国发布了一系列支持生物柴油产业发展的政策,生物柴油技术日趋成熟,多个省份完成试点应用,但也暴露出一些短板和弱项:原料供应不充足和不稳定,制约产业发展规模;在多部门协同及配套政策方面尚有完善空间;中国市场规模未被充分激发导致大量出口;生物基特性及高含量产品标准体系不健全;催化剂和过程强化技术成为提质升级关键。建议综合运用政策支持、市场培育、标准制定、技术创新等措施,加速中国生物柴油产业的健康和可持续发展。Biodiesel has better environmental performance,storage and transportation safety,and engine start performance.The four types of biodiesel feedstock are mainly edible oils and fats,non-food oils and fats,waste oils and fats or algal oils and fats,and carbon dioxide or biomass.At present,second generation biodiesel technology is the focus of competition among technology vendors in various countries.China has released a series of policies to support the development of biodiesel industry,biodiesel technology is becoming more mature,and pilot applications have been completed in many provinces.There still are such shortcomings and weaknesses as the supply of raw materials is not sufficient and unstable,which restricts the scale of industrial development,there is still room for improvement in the synergy of multi-sectoral and complementary policies,the scale of the Chinese market has not been fully stimulated resulting in a large number of exports,the standard system of bio-based characteristics and high content products is still not sound,and catalyst and process enhancement technology become the key to quality improvement and upgrading.It is suggested that policy support,market cultivation,standardization,and technological innovation should be comprehensively applied to accelerate the healthy and sustainable development of China’s biodiesel industry.

关 键 词：生物柴油 废弃油脂 政策 标准 供需 

分 类 号：F426.7[经济管理—产业经济]