基于量子计算的强子结构研究  

Hadron Structure by Quantum Computing

作　　者：邹岱睿 李天胤 邢宏喜 ZOU Dairui;LI Tianyin;XING Hongxi(Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control(MOE),Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter,Institute of Quantum Matter,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science,Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学量子物质研究院,原子亚原子结构与量子调控教育部重点实验室,广东省高等学校物质结构与相互作用基础研究卓越中心,广州510006 [2]华南师范大学南方核科学计算中心,粤港量子物质联合实验室,广东省核物质科学与技术重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《原子核物理评论》2024年第1期51-59,共9页Nuclear Physics Review

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010683,2020B0301030008)。

摘　　要：回顾了应用量子计算机研究强子部分子结构的两种方法,它们分别是:(1)直接通过光锥关联函数来计算部分子分布函数(PDFs);(2)通过计算强子张量再结合QCD因子化定理来提取PDFs。基于第二种方法并应用文献(LI T,GUO X,LAI WK,et al.Phys Rev D,2022,105(11):L111502)发展出的量子算法,提出了计算强子张量的量子计算方法。为了验证量子算法的正确性,计算了Schwinger模型的强子张量,发现量子计算经典模拟给出的结果与精确对角化的结果相符。最后,简要地讨论了通过上述第二种方法计算PDFs需要消耗的量子计算资源。This paper reviews two methods for studying the hadron partonic structure by quantum computing:(1)Direct calculation of parton distribution functions(PDFs)through light-cone correlators;(2)Based on QCD factorization theorem,extract PDFs from hadronic tensors which are calculated on a quantum computer.Based on the methodology of the second method and the quantum algorithm developed in reference(LI T,GUO X,LAI W K,et al.Phys Rev D,2022,105(11):L111502),we proposed a quantum algorithm for calculating hadronic tensors.To verify the effectiveness of our quantum algorithm,we computed the hadronic tensor of the Schwinger model and found that the results from quantum computing match those from exact diagonalization obtained by classical simulation.Finally,we briefly discuss the quantum computing resources required for calculating PDFs using the second method mentioned above.

关 键 词：量子计算 量子色动力学 部分子分布函数 

分 类 号：O571.53[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]