基于市政污水高标准再生水处理工艺开发研究  

Research and development of high standard reclaimed water treatment process based on municipal wastewater

作　　者：高信刚 赵有生 张强 张薛龙 GAO Xingang;ZHAO Yousheng;ZHANG Qiang;ZHANG Xuelong(Beijing ENFI Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]北京恩菲环保股份有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2024年第8期1156-1163,1183,共9页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(No.2021C03021)。

摘　　要：为保护北方寒冷地区的某些敏感水环境,利用市政污水开发高标准再生水,出水主要污染物指标执行《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅱ类标准(总氮(TN)除外,TN<10 mg/L,以下将其称为GB 3838—2002“准Ⅱ类”标准),探索改良多级AO+粉末活性炭(PAC)处理技术(PACT)—膜生物反应器(MBR)—臭氧催化氧化—消毒—人工湿地工艺的可行性。中试结果表明,采用改良多级AO+PACT工艺,污染物去除效果明显,活性污泥沉降性及系统稳定性改善,系统具有反硝化除磷及PAC协同脱氮功能。其中,投加50 mg/L PAC,化学需氧量(COD)去除率及达标率分别为94.23%和84.34%,较传统工艺分别提高2.92、31.57百分点;低碳氮比水质条件下,辅助投加52 mg/L乙酸钠,出水TN达标(均值5.61 mg/L),TN平均去除率为91.78%,较传统工艺提高约31.78百分点,TN主要以传统生物脱氮、反硝化除磷脱氮、PAC协同脱氮3种方式去除,前两者与后者对TN的去除率分别为44.40%、47.38%;总磷(TP)以反硝化除磷及传统生物除磷的方式去除,改良多级AO+PACT工艺二沉池出水TP介于0.1~0.3 mg/L,好氧单元单独投加120 mg/L氯化亚铁或者二沉池出水投加25 mg/L氯化亚铁或聚合氯化铝50 mg/L,出水TP均能稳定达到0.1 mg/L以下;人工湿地对有机物及氮磷均有不同程度削减,COD、氨氮、TN、TP及悬浮物(SS)去除率分别约为41%、66%、18%、50%、50%,夏季植物生长良好,污染物去除率较高,冬季低温环境下,虽然采取保温措施,植物可以存活,但是污染物去除效果有限。总体上,改良多级AO+PACT工艺与MBR—臭氧催化氧化—消毒—人工湿地工艺结合可以使出水达到GB 3838—2002“准Ⅱ类”标准。To protect certain sensitive water environment in cold northern regions,high standard reclaimed water was developed using municipal wastewater.The main pollutant indicators of the effluent water were in accordance with the ClassⅡstandard of“Environmental quality standards for surface water”(GB 3838-2002)(except for TN,TN<10 mg/L,hereinafter referred to as GB 3838-2002“quasi ClassⅡ”standard),and the feasibility of improved multistage AO+powder activated carbon(PAC)treatment technology(PACT)-membrane bioreactor(MBR)-ozone catalytic oxidation-disinfection-constructed wetland process was explored.The pilot test results showed that using improved multistage AO+PACT process,the pollutant removal effect was significant,the settling ability of activated sludge and system stability were improved,and the system had denitrification phosphorus removal and PAC synergistic denitrification function.Among them,adding 50 mg/L PAC resulted in COD removal rate and compliance rate of 94.23%and 84.34%,respectively,which were 2.92 and 31.57 percentage points higher than traditional process.Under the condition of low carbon to nitrogen ratio water quality,with the addition of 52 mg/L sodium acetate,the effluent TN met the standard(average value 5.61 mg/L),and the average TN removal rate was 91.78%,which was about 31.78 percentage points higher than the traditional process.TN was mainly removed by three methods:traditional biological denitrification,denitrification by denitrifying phosphorus and nitrogen removal,and PAC synergistic denitrification,the TN removal rates of the first two methods and the later method were 44.40%and 47.38%respectively.TP was removed by denitrifying phosphorus removal and traditional biological phosphorus removal methods.TP in improved multistage AO+PACT process secondary sedimentation tank effluent reached 0.1-0.3 mg/L.When 120 mg/L of ferrous chloride was added separately to the aerobic tank or 25 mg/L of ferrous chloride or 50 mg/L polyaluminum chloride was added to the effluent of the secondar

关 键 词：高标准再生水 PACT GB 3838—2002“准Ⅱ类”标准 人工湿地 反硝化除磷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程]