巨大芽孢杆菌对复合污染土壤-苗期小麦中镉砷累积和转运的影响  

Effect of Bacillus megaterium on cadmium and arsenic accumulation and transport in wheat seedlings grown in the co-contaminated soil

作　　者：张净然 王婧瑶 王钊 韩梦真 华桂丽 刘文菊[1] ZHANG Jingran;WANG Jingyao;WANG Zhao;HAN Mengzhen;HUA Guili;LIU Wenju(College of Resources and Environment Science/State Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation in North China,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Environment/Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Ministry of Education,Dalian 116024,China;Tai’an Ecological Environment Bureau,Tai’an 271699,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]大连理工大学环境学院/工业生态和环境工程教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [3]泰安市生态环境局,山东泰安271699

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2024年第4期28-35,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点支持项目(U21A2024);河北省科技计划项目(23567610H);河北农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210086026).

摘　　要：为探究根际促生菌对复合重金属污染土壤有效性及其在小麦植株中的迁移和累积的影响,以镉(Cd)和砷(As)污染的农田土壤、巨大芽孢杆菌、‘济麦22’为供试材料,采用摇瓶培养、土壤培养及盆栽试验相结合的方法,探讨了巨大芽孢杆菌对复合污染土壤重金属Cd、As有效性及其在土壤-小麦植株中的转运与累积特征。摇瓶培养试验结果表明,巨大芽孢杆菌可以钝化土壤中的Cd,与灭活菌液相比,巨大芽孢杆菌培养48 h可以显著降低土壤有效Cd含量,最大降幅为49.90%;胞外分泌物可以降低土壤As有效性,与对照相比,灭活菌液显著降低了土壤有效态砷含量,最大降幅为142.68%。尽管长期土壤培养试验结果显示,接种巨大芽孢杆菌对土壤中镉砷的有效性没有明显影响,但在土壤-苗期小麦生长体系中,植物根系分泌物与菌株代谢物之间的相互作用调节了小麦根系对镉和砷的吸收和转运。巨大芽孢杆菌使小麦根系对Cd的富集能力显著降低了30.51%,并且巨大芽孢杆菌的灭活菌液与活菌处理使根际土壤As有效性显著降低了8.19%,小麦地上部对As的富集能力和由根向茎叶的转运能力分别显著降低了27.87%和41.18%。综上所述,巨大芽孢杆菌显著影响了复合污染土壤-苗期小麦体系中Cd和As的累积和转运,这对保障污染耕地安全利用和小麦绿色安全生产具有重要意义。To investigate the impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on the availability of heavy metals in soil and their transport and accumulation in wheat plants,the experiments of soil shaking incubation,long-term soil incubation and soil pot culture were conducted to explore the effects of Bacillus megaterium on the availability of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)in the co-contaminated soil and the translocation and accumulation of Cd and As in wheat seedlings of‘Jimai22’.The results of soil shaking incubation showed that Bacillus megaterium could immobilize Cd in soil and significantly reduced the concentrations of soil available Cd by 49.9%after 48 h incubation compared with the autoclaved solution of Bacillus megaterium,and the extracellular secretion markedly reduced the concentrations of soil available As by 142.68%.However,the long-term inoculation with Bacillus megaterium had no significant effect on the availability of soil Cd and As.Furthermore,in the system of soil-wheat seedlings,the addition of Bacillus megaterium significantly decreased the accumulation of Cd in wheat roots by 30.51%in the system of soil and wheat seedlings.Additionally,the application of Bacillus megaterium and the autoclaved bacterial solution reduced soil available As in rhizosphere soil by 8.19%,the As bio-accumulation factor from soil to root by 27.87%,and translocation factor of As from root to shoot by 41.18%,respectively.In conclusion,Bacillus megaterium significantly affected the accumulation and transport of Cd and As in the system of co-contaminated soil-wheat seedling,which may be a significance for safe utilization of contaminated farmland and the safe production of wheat with green methods.

关 键 词：巨大芽孢杆菌 重金属污染土壤 镉砷有效性 植物-微生物互作 

分 类 号：S154.381[农业科学—土壤学]