基于气化和热解的医疗垃圾−废旧轮胎联合资源化利用系统性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Combined Medical Waste-Waste Tire Resource Utilization System Based on Gasification and Pyrolysis

作　　者：冯福媛 李童宇 李博 陈衡 潘佩媛 徐钢 刘彤 FENG Fuyuan;LI Tongyu;LI Bo;CHEN Heng;PAN Peiyuan;XU Gang;LIU Tong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Emission Surveillance and Control for Thermal Power Generation(North China Electric PowerUniversity),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]热电生产过程污染物监测与控制北京市重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《发电技术》2024年第4期611-621,共11页Power Generation Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52106008,51821004)。

摘　　要：【目的】随着固体废物产生量的逐年增加,传统的处理方法难以满足日益严格的环保要求和资源循环利用的需求。为实现固体废物资源的高效利用,提出一种基于气化和热解的医疗垃圾−废旧轮胎联合资源化利用系统。【方法】该系统充分结合等离子气化技术以及热解技术的优势,将医疗垃圾等离子气化发电技术与轮胎热解技术进行耦合,将气化和热解过程得到的合成气共同作为燃气轮机的燃料加以利用,同时,燃气透平产生的高温烟气为轮胎热解提供热源,之后再通过余热锅炉回收烟气热量。在无害化处理医疗垃圾−废旧轮胎的同时,实现了能量的梯级利用。在固定给料速率的条件下,对所提出系统进行了能量分析和经济性分析。【结果】该系统能实现23.59 MW总能量的输出,总能量利用效率达到52.56%,远高于传统的垃圾发电效率。该系统具有良好的经济收益,在20年的生命周期内,可以实现相对净现值72797.81万元,且动态投资回收周期仅为3.13年。【结论】研究成果为固体废物资源的高效协同处理提供了新的技术路径。[Objectives]With the annual increase in the generation of solid waste,traditional treatment methods have struggled to meet the increasingly stringent environmental requirements and the demands for resource recycling.In order to realize the efficient utilization of solid waste resources,a combined medical waste-waste tire resource utilization system based on gasification and pyrolysis was proposed.[Methods]The system fully combined the advantages of plasma gasification and pyrolysis technologies,coupling the medical waste plasma gasification power generation technology with tire pyrolysis technology.The syngas obtained from the gasification and pyrolysis processes was utilized together as the fuel of a gas turbine.At the same time,the hightemperature flue gas produced by the gas turbine provided the heat source for tire pyrolysis,after which the flue gas heat was recovered by a waste heat boiler.While harmlessly treating the medical waste-waste tires,the gradient utilization of energy was realized.The energy analysis and economic analysis of the proposed system were carried out under the condition of fixed feed rate.[Results]The system is able to achieve a total energy output of 23.59 MW,with a total energy utilization efficiency of 52.56%,which is much higher than the efficiency of conventional waste-to-energy generation.The system has good economic returns,and can realize a relative net present value of 727.9781 million yuan in a 20-year life cycle,and the dynamic payback cycle is only 3.13 years.[Conclusions]The research results provide a new technical path for the efficient co-processing of solid waste resources.

关 键 词：固废处理 能源回收 燃气轮机 等离子气化 轮胎热解 蒸汽循环 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]