大型立式离心泵压力脉动特性研究  

Research on Pressure Fluctuation Characteristics of Large Vertical Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：路莅枫 周光跃 燕虹夜雨 党梦帆 曹思雨 杨春霞[2] 郑源[2] 叶长亮 LU Lifeng;ZHOU Guangyue;YAN Hongyeyu;DANG Mengfan;CAO Siyu;YANG Chunxia;ZHENG Yuan;YE Changliang(Hunan Provincial Water Resources Development and Investment Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410021,China;School of Electrical and Power Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Hunan Hydro&Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水利发展投资有限公司,长沙410021 [2]河海大学电气与动力工程学院,南京211100 [3]湖南省水利水电勘测设计规划研究总院有限公司,长沙410007

出　　处：《大电机技术》2024年第4期19-28,共10页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52209109,52271275,52379086)。

摘　　要：大型立式离心泵目前广泛应用于大型水利工程。水泵在运行时所产生的压力脉动可能导致机组产生振动进而影响机组性能。本研究采用数值模拟方法,基于尺度自适应SAS模型,对泵的三维流体域进行了详细的网格划分和边界条件设定,通过网格无关性验证和试验验证,证明了数值模拟方法的可靠性。研究结果表明,吸水室压力脉动的主频幅值随流量增加呈减小趋势,小流量工况下出现了低频脉动。叶轮的压力脉动主要受到两倍转频的影响,而压水室的压力脉动则以叶片通过频率为主。特别是在小流量工况下,压水室的压力脉动幅值显著增大,这一现象与流体动力学特性及蜗道结构特征密切相关。此外,压水室中隔板的存在对压力脉动的传递起到了一定的阻挡作用,但在特定位置如隔舌附近,压力脉动幅值仍然较大。本研究对于理解立式离心泵压力脉动特性及其影响因素具有一定的指导作用。Large vertical centrifugal pumps are currently widely used in large-scale water conservancy projects.The pressure pulsation generated during operation may cause vibration in the unit,further affecting its performance.This study employed numerical simulation methods based on the scale-adaptive simulation(SAS)model to conduct detailed mesh division and boundary condition settings for the three-dimensional fluid domain of the pump.Through grid independence verification and experimental validation,the reliability of the numerical simulation method was proved.The results indicate that the amplitude of the main frequency of the pressure pulsation in the suction chamber decreases as the flow rate increases,and low-frequency pulsation occurs under low-flow conditions.The pressure pulsation of the impeller is mainly affected by twice the rotation frequency,while the pressure pulsation of the pressure chamber is dominated by the blade passing frequency.Especially under low-flow conditions,the amplitude of pressure pulsation in the pressure chamber increases significantly,which is closely related to fluid dynamic characteristics and the structural features of the volute.In addition,the presence of partitions in the pressure chamber plays a certain blocking role in the transmission of pressure pulsation,but at specific locations such as near the tongue,the amplitude of pressure pulsation remains relatively high.This study provides a certain guiding role for understanding the pressure pulsation characteristics of vertical centrifugal pumps.

关 键 词：压力脉动 立式离心泵 SAS湍流模型 双蜗壳 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]