数字化对我国制造业全球价值链地位的影响: 理论机理与实证分析  

The Impact of Digitalization on the Global Value Chain Position of China's Manufacturing:Theoretical Mechanisms and Empirical Analysis

作　　者：李松庆[1] 胡志菊 Li Songqing;Hu Zhiju(School of Management,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510520)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学管理学院,广东广州510520

出　　处：《财经理论研究》2024年第4期1-11,共11页Journal of Finance and Economics Theory

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(24YJA790043);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD23XYJ19)。

摘　　要：数字化将重构制造业劳动分工和价值体系,是制造业转型升级和向价值链中高端攀升的重要手段。本文建立测度指标并用熵权法测算我国各省份制造业的数字化水平,以出口技术复杂度与出口国内增加值率二者乘积的双重视角测算各省份制造业的全球价值链地位,以地区发展水平、出口贸易水平、人力资本水平、对外直接投资为控制变量,以产业结构升级、制造业生产率、低技能劳动力为中介效应变量,构建以制造业全球价值链地位为被解释变量、以制造业数字化水平为解释变量的固定效应模型和中介效应模型,实证测算和分析数字化对我国制造业全球价值链地位的影响。结果显示,数字化能够促进制造业全球价值链地位提升,且这种促进作用长期比短期更显著,即存在一定的滞后效应;数字化对我国制造业全球价值链地位的影响存在区域和数字化要素的异质性,即东部地区的正向促进效果最显著,而中、西部地区的正向促进效果不显著,数字化环境的影响效应最大,数字化支撑次之,数字化成果影响效应最弱;数字化转型通过产业结构升级、替代低技能劳动力两种途径促进制造业全球价值链地位升级,而生产率提升不存在中介作用。Digitalization will reconstruct the division of labor and value systems in manufacturing industry,serving as a crucial means for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry,and its ascension to the higher end of the value chain.This paper establishes measurement indicators and uses the entropy weight method to calculate the digitalization level of manufacturing in provinces and cities in China.It measures the global value chain position of manufacturing in each province and city of China from the dual perspectives of the product of export technology complexity and domestic value-added ratio in export.Using levels of regional development,export trade,human capital,and outward foreign direct investment as control variables,and industrial structure upgrading,manufacturing productivity,and low-skilled labor as mediating effect variables,this paper constructs a fixed-effects model and a mediating effect model with manufacturing′s global value chain position as the variable being explained and manufacturing digitalization as the explanatory variable.The impact of manufacturing digitalization on its global value chain position is empirically examined and analyzed.Research findings show that manufacturing digitalization promotes the ascension of its global value chain position,with the promoting effect being more significant in the long term than in the short term,and reflecting a certain hysteresis effect.The impact of manufacturing digitalization on its global value chain position presents heterogeneity in different regions and digitalization factors:the positive promoting effect is most significant in the eastern region of China,while less significant in the central and western regions of China.The impact of the digital environment is the greatest,followed by digital support,with digital outcomes having the weakest effect.Manufacturing digitalization promotes the upgrading of its global value chain position through two paths:industrial structure upgrading and substitution of low-skilled labor,while pr

关 键 词：制造业 数字化 全球价值链地位 产业结构升级 制造业生产率 低技能劳动力 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济] F224.9