金属纳米图案对钙钛矿电池的光学增强  

Optical enhancement of perovskite solar cells by metallic nano-patterns

作　　者：韩非 江舟 王晨 周华 沈向前 Han Fei;Jiang Zhou;Wang Chen;Zhou Hua;Shen Xiang-Qian(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices,School of Physical Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;School of Physics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学物理科学与技术学院,新疆固态物理与器件重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]山东大学物理学院,济南250100 [3]上海交通大学,金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第16期209-216,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:12164047);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(批准号:2022D01C20);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队(批准号:2023D14001)资助的课题.

摘　　要：表面等离激元共振(SPR)是调控太阳电池光谱响应、增强能量转换效率的重要策略之一.但对于平面异质型的钙钛矿电池,由于各功能层厚度对金属纳米结构的尺寸限制,SPR的响应波段通常被束缚在很窄的可见光区域,且共振能量的消散以外层电子的热吸收为主.本文基于时域有限差分方法(FDTD)和严格耦合波分析(RCWA),系统研究了不同金属图案的SPR图谱.结果表明,通过对图案形状、厚度、周期等特征参数的优化,可以在近红外区域观察到明显的SPR现象,同时散射在消光中占据主导地位.对于最优的金属圆环,SPR峰值对应的波长为772 nm,此时相对吸收、散射和消光截面分别为0.54,1.39和1.93,钙钛矿响应层在700-850 nm之间的加权平均吸收从53.61%提升到65.36%.相应器件的光生电流密度从20.39 mA/cm^2增至22.72 mA/cm^2,光电转换效率相对提升了11.45%.The integration of metallic nanoparticles(MNPs)with plasmonic effects is an alternative approach to managing photons and charge carriers,and is considered as a promising method of advancing solar cell technologies.Plasmonic-enhanced solar energy harvesting involves three mechanisms:hot-electron injection,light trapping,and modulation of energy flow direction through dipole-dipole coupling.It has been observed that these phenomena significantly improve the performance of silicon,gallium arsenide,dye-sensitized,and organic solar cells.However,for emerging perovskite solar cells,the light trapping effect,specifically,through the far-field scattering of MNPs,has been seldom reported.The anomalous phenomenon is primarily attributed to the size constraints imposed on MNP by the thickness of the functional layers in cell devices.According to the theory of localized surface plasmon resonance(SPR),the characteristic size of the MNP needs to be larger than 90 nm to achieve optimal photon scattering.Conversely,the charge transport layers such as NiOx and SnO2 in perovskite solar cells are usually very thin,with thickness ranging from a few nanometers to several tens of nanometers.Therefore,the community of perovskite solar cells still faces a great challenge in harvesting light through plasmonic scattering.Comparing with MNPs,none of the shape,size,periodicity,and other characteristic parameters of two-dimensional metal patterns within the horizontal plane are not limited by the thickness of the device’s functional layer,thus making it more flexible to regulate the SPR response band,vibration intensity,and becoming a method of dissipating plasmonic energy.In this work,based on the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)method and rigorous coupled-wave analysis(RCWA),we systematically investigate the SPR spectra of different metal patterns.The results demonstrate that by optimizing characteristic parameters such as pattern shape,thickness,and periodicity,a significant SPR phenomenon can be observed in the near-infrared region,

关 键 词：金属纳米图案 等离激元共振 钙钛矿电池 转换效率 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]