北部湾沿海热带气旋暴雨与暖区暴雨雨滴谱特征分析  

Analysis on Characteristics of the Raindrop Size Distribution Between Tropical Cyclone Rainstorm and Warm-Sector Rainstorm in Beibu Gulf Coast

作　　者：毛家燊 廖胜石 蒋亚平 李华实 韦靖 Mao Jiashen;Liao Shengshi;Jiang Yaping;Li Huashi;Wei Jing(Chongzuo Meteorological Office of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Chongzuo 532200,China;Guangxi Climate Center,Nanning 530022,China;Fusui Meteorological Station of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Fusui 532100,China)

机构地区：[1]崇左市气象局,广西崇左532200 [2]广西气候中心,南宁530022 [3]扶绥县气象局,广西扶绥532100

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2024年第4期32-41,共10页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026511);广西气象科研计划项目(桂气科2022M03、2022Z03、2023M29);崇左市科技计划项目(崇科20231210)。

摘　　要：利用广西北海、防城港2019-2021年雨滴谱观测资料,对比分析热带气旋暴雨(TCRs)和暖区暴雨(WSRs)过程雨滴谱结构特征及其差异。研究结果表明,TCRs比WSRs具有更高浓度的小雨滴和更低浓度的中、大雨滴;TCRs雨滴直径小且粒径分布较集中,雨滴数浓度较高;WSRs雨滴直径大,但粒径分布较离散,雨滴数浓度偏低。TCRs降水以中、小雨滴贡献为主,WSRs降水则以中、大雨滴贡献为主,在这两类暴雨过程中,中雨滴对降水贡献率均超过68%。对于层云降水,WSRs比TCRs具有更大的雨滴尺度变率和更集中的粒子数量分布;而对流降水中,WSRs与TCRs相比,雨滴尺度变率大,粒子数量分布更离散。TCRs对流降水具有明显的海洋性对流降水特征,WSRs对流降水则更具大陆性对流降水特征。TCRs对流降水(层云降水)Z-R拟合关系为Z=155.27R^(1.54)(Z=223.92R^(1.35)),WSRs对流降水(层云降水)Z-R拟合关系为Z=241.55R^(1.48)(Z=331.44R^(1.34))。总体来看,新一代多普勒天气雷达对WSRs的降雨估测效果比TCRs的估测效果更好。This paper comparatively analyzes the structure characteristics and differences of raindrop size distribution between tropical cyclone rainstorms(TCRs)and warm-sector rainstorms(WSRs)by using the raindrop spectrum observation data from Beihai and Fangchenggang during 20192021.The results show that TCRs have higher concentrations of small raindrops and lower concentrations of mid-size and large raindrops than those in WSRs.Compared to the raindrops in WSRs,the raindrop diameters in TCRs are smaller,the particle size distribution is more concentrated and number concentration is higher.The raindrop diameters of WSRs are large,but the particle size distribution is discrete and the drop number concentration is lower.Precipitation in TCRs is dominantly contributed by mid-size and small raindrops,but by mid-size and large raindrops in WSRs.The contributions of mid-size raindrops in the two are stable,both exceeding 68%.For stratiform precipitation,WSRs have larger variability of rain drop size distribution and more concentrated distribution of raindrop number concentration than TCRs.In convective precipitation,however,WSRs have larger variability of rain drop size distribution and more discrete distribution of raindrop number concentration.The convective precipitation of TCRs has obvious characteristics of marine convective rainfall,while the convective precipitation in WSRs is more similar to the continental convective rainfall.The Z-R fitted relationship for convective(stratiform)precipitations in TCRs is Z=155.27R^(1.54)(Z=223.92R^(1.35)),and it is found to be Z=241.55R^(1.48)(Z=331.44R^(1.34))for convective(stratiform)precipitations in WSRs.In general,the new generation Doppler weather radar has a better effect in estimating rainfall in WSRs than in TCRs.

关 键 词：热带气旋暴雨 暖区暴雨 雨滴谱 北部湾沿海 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P426.611