苗前除草剂对江苏丘陵地区小麦田杂草防除效果和产量的影响  

Effect of Pre-Emergent Herbicides on Weed Control and Wheat Yield in Fields of Jiangsu Hilly Area

作　　者：王晓琳 缪康[1] 于居龙[1] 张国 张建华[1] 束兆林[1] 吴佳文 姚克兵[1] WANG Xiaolin;MIAO Kang;YU Julong;ZHANG Guo;ZHANG Jianhua;SHU Zhaolin;WU Jiawen;YAO Kebing(Jiangsu Hilly Area Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Zhenjiang 212400,China;Jiangsu Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所,江苏镇江212400 [2]江苏省植物保护植物检疫站,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《杂草学报》2024年第2期69-74,共6页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(编号:JATS[2023]257)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜江苏丘陵地区小麦田高效封闭除草的药剂组合,设置3个单剂处理60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)、60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂200 g/667 m^(2)、30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂30 mL/667 m^(2),3个两两混用药剂组合处理60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂20 mL/667 m^(2)、60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂25 mL/667 m^(2)、60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂30 mL/667 m^(2)和1个空白对照,于2022年在江苏丘陵地区开展小麦田间药效试验,测定不同土壤封闭除草剂及其组合对小麦田中杂草的防除效果及对小麦的安全性。结果表明,药剂组合处理对小麦田中的杂草防除效果明显高于单剂处理与空白对照,均在90%以上;且其产量也显著较高,均在400 kg/667 m^(2)以上。播后苗前选用60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂20 mL/667 m^(2)进行土壤封闭处理,药后35、70、105 d对小麦田间总草的株防效均在93%以上,药后105 d对总草的鲜重防效在98%以上,与60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂25 mL/667 m^(2)或30 mL/667 m^(2)组合处理差异不显著,且3个药剂组合处理均对小麦安全,对产量的影响无显著差异。因此,在江苏丘陵地区小麦田中宜选择60%丙草·异丙隆可湿性粉剂150 g/667 m^(2)+30%吡氟酰草胺悬浮剂20 mL/667 m^(2)组合进行土壤封闭除草,不仅对小麦安全,其防除小麦田一年生杂草的效果也较佳。In this work,we designed three single herbicides including pretilachlor·isoproturon 60%WP at 150,200 g/667 m^(2) and diflufenican 30%SC at 30 mL/667 m^(2) and three one-to-one mixture herbicides combinations including pretilachlor·isoproturon 60%WP at 150 g/667 m^(2)+diflufenican 30%SC at 20,25,30 mL/667 m^(2),and also set up herbicide check free.In order to screen the optimal combination of pre-emergent herbicides suitable for wheat fields in Jiangsu hilly areas,field experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of different pre-emergent herbicides in controlling weeds while ensuring wheat safety in 2022.The results showed that control effect of one-to-one mixture herbicides combinations was obviously higher than that of single herbicides and CK.All of one-to-one mixture herbicides combinations were more than 90%.And their yield were also significant higher with 400 kg/667 m^(2).Plant control effects of pretilachlor·isoproturon 60%WP at 150 g/667 m^(2)+diflufenican 30%SC at 20 mL/667 m^(2) sprayed at pre-emergence stage on total weeds were all over 93% after 35,70,105 days,and the fresh weight control effect was over 98% after 105 days.There was no significant difference observed in weed control between the aforementioned herbicides combination and the other two one-to-one mixture herbicides combinations.These three combinations exhibited no adverse effects on wheat safety and yield wheat.Therefore,it was the optimal weeding measure to spray pretilachlor·isoproturon 60%WP at 150 g/667 m^(2)+diflufenican 30%SC at 20 mL/667 m^(2) in wheat fields of Jiangsu hilly areas during pre-emergence stage.This weeding measure was deemed selectivity to wheat and represented a viable option for annual weed management in wheat fields.

关 键 词：小麦 除草剂 土壤封闭 防效 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.221[农业科学—植物保护]