曹妃甸海草床生态特征及限制因子研究  

Ecological Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Seagrass Bed in Caofeidian

作　　者：刘有才 徐追 董岳 马旺 胡琦 刘畅 李文涛[2] LIU Youcai;XU Zhui;DONG Yue;MA Wang;HU Qi;LIU Chang;LI Wentao(Hydrological Engineering Geological Exploration Institute of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Ocean University of China,Fisheries College,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省水文工程地质勘查院,石家庄050021 [2]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2024年第4期97-105,共9页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：河北省自然资源厅科研项目(13000022P00EEC4101025);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(226Z3301G);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(246Z3301G)。

摘　　要：通过开展曹妃甸海草床的分布、生物学特征、水环境和底质环境要素等调查研究工作,划定海草床分布区,对覆盖度进行分级,分析研究海草床生态特征及关键环境影响因子特征,为查明曹妃甸海草床资源环境家底、保护区划定、海洋生态修复及蓝碳研究工作提供技术参考。结果显示,曹妃甸海草床主要优势种类为鳗草,平均株高75.00±6.15 cm/shoot,且不同站点之间有差异;总平均茎枝密度为261.26±48.50 shoots/m^(2),总平均地上和地下生物量分别为302.53±71.79 g DW/m^(2)和114.71±27.40 g DW/m^(2)。海草床分布区面积42.90 km^(2),其中密集区、较密集区、一般区、较稀疏区和稀疏区分别占比为13.09%、12.93%、18.82%、18.75%和36.40%,海草分布在北部和南部两个区域,其中密集区与较密集区多分布在北部区域;草床区和裸沙区水环境差异不明显,底质环境差异较大;水温、营养盐、透光度、水流及人类工程活动是影响曹妃甸海域海草生长的关键因素。The investigation and research of the distribution,biological characteristics,water en-vironment and sediment environmental elements of the seagrass bed in Caofeidian was conducted to define the distribution area of the seagrass bed,classify its coverage,analyze and study the ecological characteristics of the seagrass bed and the characteristics of key environmental impact factors.This provides technical references for understanding the resource and environmental background of the Caofeidian seagrass bed,delimiting the protection area,marine ecological restoration,and blue carbon research.The results show that the dominant species of the Caofeidian seagrass bed is eelgrass,The average plant height is 75.00±6.15 cm/shoot.Moreover,there are differences among different sites.The overall average stem density is 261.26±48.50 shoots/m^(2),and the total average aboveground and belowground biomass are 302.53±71.79 g DW/m^(2)and.114.71±27.40 g DW/m^(2),respectively.The distribution area of the seagrass bed is 42.90 km^(2),with dense area,relatively dense area,general area,relatively sparse area and sparse area account-ing for 13.09%,12.93%,18.82%,18.75%and 36.40%,respectively.The seagrass is distrib-uted in two regions,northern and southern,with dense area and relatively dense area mostly distributed in the northern region.The difference in water environment between the grass bed area and the bare sand area is not significant,while the difference in sediment environment be-tween the grass bed area and the bare sand area is significant.Water temperature,nutrient salts,transparency,water flow,and human engineering activities are key factors that affect the growth of seagrass in the Caofeidian sea area.

关 键 词：曹妃甸 海草床 生态特征 影响因子 鳗草 水环境 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]