阻燃聚氨酯纳米复合材料的研究进展  

Research Progress in Flame-retardant Polyurethane Nanocomposites

作　　者：陈浩楠 金勇[1,2] 周荣 毛喆贤 CHEN Haonan;JIN Yong;ZHOU Rong;MAO Zhexian(Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2024年第5期50-59,共10页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22078207);四川省科技计划项目(2023YFG0250)。

摘　　要：聚氨酯(PU)具有优异的力学性能,在皮革、功能材料和医疗等领域被广泛应用。但PU易燃烧,因此在PU中引入具有阻燃功能的纳米材料,对提高PU材料防火安全性具有重要意义。文章首先概括性地总结了纳米材料相比传统阻燃剂的优势,再根据引入纳米材料的类型(如碳纳米管、金属有机框架、MXene等),综述了阻燃PU纳米复合材料的制备及阻燃机理的研究进展,概述了阻燃PU纳米复合材料在皮革和功能材料方面的应用,并对其未来发展方向做出展望。Polyurethane has excellent physical and mechanical properties,and is widely used in leather,functional materials and medical fields.However,polyurethane is prone to combustion,so the introduction of nanomaterials with flame-retardant function in polyurethane is of great significance to improve the fire safety of polyurethane materials.This review first summarized the advantages of nanomaterials over traditional flame retardants.The development of flame-retardant polyurethane nanocomposites in terms of preparation,mechanism,and applications in leather and functional materials was demonstrated in this review.We also discussed the introduction of various types of nanomaterials,e.g.,carbon nanotubes,metal-organic frameworks,and MXene.Meanwhile,research and development direction of the flame-retardant polyurethane nanocomposites was discussed.

关 键 词：纳米材料 聚氨酯 复合材料 阻燃 合成 应用 

分 类 号：TS529.5[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]