高铁高架桥箱梁雷击电磁瞬态建模及特性分析  

Modeling and characteristic analysis of lightning electromagnetic transient of high-speed railway viaduct box girder

作　　者：胡宾 向念文 李科杰 叶维平 王立天[3] 阳晋 HU Bin;XIANG Nianwen;LI Kejie;YE Weiping;WANG Litian;YANG Jin(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Departmant of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China Railway Electrification Survey Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300250,China;CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系 [3]中铁电气化勘测设计研究院有限公司 [4]北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第8期1062-1067,1079,共7页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U1834204)。

摘　　要：高速铁路高架桥箱梁是雷击接触网时雷电流的主要泄流通道。由于箱梁是由成百上千根钢筋绑扎而成的复杂鼠笼结构,准确建立其雷击宽频计算模型的难度较大,因此文章基于传输线矩阵法(transmission-line matrix,TLM)建立不同纵向钢筋数量的箱梁模型,分析其雷击电磁瞬态简化建模的可行性。研究发现:箱梁泄流时,雷电流主要分布在外层纵向钢筋,符合趋肤效应规律;箱梁横截面曲率较大处纵向钢筋为雷击瞬态计算中的关键钢筋,保留该部分纵向钢筋,适当减少曲率较小处的纵向钢筋,可以简化箱梁雷击电磁瞬态模型。箱梁泄流时瞬态电流会在其周围产生瞬态电磁场,威胁轨旁信号设备和线缆端接设备的正常运行,为进一步研究简化纵向钢筋对箱梁周围瞬态电磁环境的影响,基于上述简化建模方法,计算不同纵向钢筋数量桥面电磁场分布及衰减特性,发现箱梁对幅值为100 kA的雷电流泄流时,雷电流注入点30 m范围内的磁场强度超出国家标准规定的电子设备磁场抗扰度,该范围内的桥面电子设备受到严重威胁。The box girder of high-speed railway viaduct is the main leakage channel of lightning current when lightning strikes the catenary.Because the box girder is a complex squirrel-cage structure composed of hundreds of reinforcing bars,it is difficult to accurately establish its broadband calculation model of lightning strike.Therefore,this paper establishes box girder models with different numbers of longitudinal reinforcing bars based on transmission-line matrix(TLM),and analyzes the feasibility of simplified modeling of lightning electromagnetic transient.It is found that the lightning current is mainly distributed in the outer longitudinal reinforcement when the box girder is drained,which accords with the law of skin effect.Longitudinal reinforcement at the large curvature of box girder cross section is the key reinforcement in lightning transient calculation.Retaining this part of longitudinal reinforcement and appropriately reducing longitudinal reinforcement at the small curvature can simplify the electromagnetic transient model of box girder lightning.Transient current will produce transient electromagnetic field around box girder when it is drained,which threatens the normal operation of signal equipment and cable termination equipment beside the rail.In order to further study the influence of simplified longitudinal reinforcement on transient electromagnetic environment around box girder,based on the simplified modeling method mentioned above,this paper calculates the electromagnetic field distribution and attenuation characteristics of bridge deck with different numbers of longitudinal reinforcing bars,and finds that when box girder drains lightning current with an amplitude of 100 kA,the magnetic field intensity within 30 m of lightning current injection point exceeds the magnetic field immunity of electronic equipment specified in the national standard.Bridge deck electronic equipment in this range is seriously threatened.

关 键 词：箱梁 简化建模 桥面电磁场 传输线矩阵法(TLM) 高速铁路 

分 类 号：TM864[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]