基于视频图像的建筑内走道烟雾识别定位  

Smoke Recognition and Localization in Building Corridors Based on Video Images

作　　者：吴则琪 王坤 刘鵾鹏 李森 WU Ze-qi;WANG Kun;LIU Kun-peng;LI Sen(College of Building Environment Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhengzhou Electric Power Electricity Fire Control Safety Primary Laboratory,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Buildings and Human Settlements,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业大学建筑环境工程学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州轻工业大学郑州市电力电气消防安全重点实验室,郑州450001 [3]郑州轻工业大学河南省智慧建筑与人居环境工程技术研究中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第22期9681-9688,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划(232102320235,232102320012)。

摘　　要：为了实现筑内走道烟雾蔓延位置的实时检测,通过目标检测算法识别烟雾,分析烟雾在图像中二维位置,并结合烟雾与建筑内走道的位置关系,提出了一种基于监控视频图像的烟雾前锋位置定位方法。在烟雾前锋识别方面,使用YOLOv7模型作为烟雾识别模型,通过数据增强策略增加数据集进行模型训练,得到较好的识别权重;在烟雾前锋位置检测方面上,采用基于位置信息的前方烟雾测量方法,将烟雾在图像中二维信息与建筑内走道顶板边缘线匹配,根据烟雾边缘位置与建筑内走道顶板边缘线交点的图像位置信息与距摄像头实际距离映射关系,得出烟雾在图像中距离摄像头的实际位置。通过搭建的建筑内走道模型进行试验测试,结果显示本论文方法测定的烟雾前锋位置平均误差在5%以内。研究结果可为利用建筑既有监控系统快速掌握烟雾蔓延信息提供支撑,为现场消防救援与人员疏散方案制定提供依据。In order to realize the real-time detection of smoke spreading position in the building walkway,the smoke was identified by the target detection algorithm,and the two-dimensional position of smoke in the image was analyzed.Combined with the position relationship between smoke and the building walkway,a smoke front position location method based on monitoring video images was proposed.In the aspect of smoke front recognition,YOLOv7(You Only Look Once version 7)model was used as the smoke recognition model,and the model was trained by increasing data sets through data enhancement strategy,so as to get better recognition weight.In the aspect of smoke front position detection,the front smoke measurement method based on position information was adopted,and the two-dimensional information of smoke in the image was matched with the edge line of the roof of the walkway in the building.According to the mapping relationship between the image position information of the intersection of the smoke edge position and the edge line of the roof of the walkway in the building and the actual distance from the camera,the actual position of smoke in the image was obtained.The experimental test was carried out through the built walkway model,and the results show that the average error of the position of smoke front determined by this method is within 5%.The research results can provide support for using the existing building monitoring system to quickly grasp the smoke spread information,and provide basis for on-site fire rescue and personnel evacuation plan formulation.

关 键 词：建筑火灾 狭长通道 烟雾检测 烟雾定位 

分 类 号：X959[环境科学与工程—安全科学]