不同逆境胁迫对甜樱桃砧木生理特性的影响  

Effects of Different Stress Conditions on Physiological Characteristics of Sweet Cherry Rootstocks

作　　者：王颖 杨映红[1] 刘瑾[1] 马建芳[1] 赵新红[1] 杨俊霞[1] WANG Ying;YANG Yinghong;LIU Jin;MA Jianfang;ZHAO Xinhong;YANG Junxia(Tianshui Fruit Research Institute,Tianshui,Gansu 741002)

机构地区：[1]天水市果树研究所,甘肃天水741002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第15期24-32,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技资助项目(2022GAAS03);甘肃省科技厅技术创新引导计划-东西协作专项资助项目(23CXNE0021);陇原青年英才资金资助项目(甘人社通2023-142号);甘肃省技术创新引导计划资助项目(23CXNA0003)。

摘　　要：以6种甜樱桃砧木一年生扦插苗为试材,对其进行不同干旱程度和不同盐浓度胁迫处理,采用主成分分析方法,对不同胁迫下甜樱桃砧木中丙二醛(MDA)、叶绿素、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖含量(SS)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行了综合分析,筛选出抗旱和抗盐碱优异的甜樱桃砧木资源,以期为砧木筛选及樱桃栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:持续干旱胁迫条件下,樱桃砧木中渗透调节物质(SS、Pro)含量增加,POD、SOD、CAT活性升高,丙二醛积累增多,叶绿素含量呈现降低趋势。樱桃砧木中渗透调节物质(SS、Pro)随着盐胁迫浓度的增加其含量也相应增加,POD、SOD、CAT活性升高,以对抗盐胁迫引起的生理机制的改变,叶绿素含量降低导致光合作用减弱。研究认为,不同樱桃砧木在面临逆境胁迫时,其生理代谢功能的损伤响应机制及缓解能力存在差异,其中以“马哈利”樱桃砧木的抗逆境较为理想。Six types of sweet cherry rootstock one-year cuttings was used as expriment materials,and were subjected to different severity of drought stress and salt concentration stress treatments.The principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively analyze the malondialdehyde content,chlorophyll content,and three enzyme activity indicators(POD,SOD and CAT)in sweet cherry rootstocks under different stress conditions,excellent sweet cherry rootstock resources with drought resistance and salt tolerance were screened out,in order to provide reference for rootstock selection and cherry cultivation.The results showed that,under sustained drought stress conditions,content of osmolytes(SS,Pro)was increased,the activities of antioxidant enzyme(SOD,POD,CAT)were increased and the accumulation of malondialdehyde were promoted,with a decreasing trend in chlorophyll content in cherry rootstocks.As the concentration of salt stress increases,the content of osmolytes(SS,Pro)in cherry rootstocks also increased,and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT)increased to counteract the physiological changes caused by salt stress.The decrease in chlorophyll content led to weakened photosynthesis.The results showed that differences in the physiological and metabolic response mechanisms and stress alleviation capabilities of different cherry rootstocks when facing adverse stress conditions,with‘Mahali'cherry rootstocks exhibiting ideal stress resistance.

关 键 词：甜樱桃砧木 干旱胁迫 盐碱胁迫 渗透调节物质 抗氧化物酶 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]