沙门菌分子分型技术研究进展  

Advances in Molecular Typing Techniques for Salmonella

作　　者：刘意 张喜悦[1] 赵建梅[1] 赵格[1] 曲志娜[1] 刘立恒[2] 王君玮[1] Liu Yi;Zhang Xiyue;Zhao Jianmei;Zhao Ge;Qu Zhina;Liu Liheng;Wang Junwei(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Risk Assessment Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Quality and Safety(Qingdao)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,农业农村部畜禽产品质量安全风险评估实验室(青岛),山东青岛266032 [2]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第8期83-89,共7页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1301003)。

摘　　要：与传统分型技术相比,分子分型技术以其高分辨率、高重复性、标准化等优点,已成为沙门菌致病性、遗传关联性、溯源和传播路径等研究领域的重要工具。目前,沙门菌分子分型技术主要包括三大类,其中基于限制性内切酶的分子分型方法以脉冲场凝胶电泳和扩增片段多态性为主,基于PCR扩增的分子分型方法以肠杆菌基因间重复共有序列PCR和多位点可变串联重复序列为主,基于测序的分子分型方法以多位点序列分型、规律的成簇间隔短回文重复序列和全基因组测序为主。这三大类分子分型技术均具有灵敏度高、重复性好、结果准确等优点,有助于揭示不同沙门菌间的宿主传播关系、地域传播关系。但这些方法也都存在不同程度的应用局限性,在实际应用中可根据实验室条件及研究需求选择其中一种或联合使用多种分型技术,从而达到对沙门菌精准分型的目的。本文对限制性内切酶、PCR扩增以及测序这三大类沙门菌分子分型方法的国内外相关研究成果进行总结归纳,以期为食品中沙门菌监测、风险评估以及溯源和预警提供参考。Compared with traditional typing techniques,molecular typing techniques,with the advantages of high resolution,high repeatability and standardization,have been used as the key tool in the research fields of Salmonella pathogenicity,genetic association,traceability and transmission pathways.Molecular typing techniques for Salmonella are mainly classified as:restriction enzyme-based techniques centering on pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFLP),PCR amplification-based techniques centering on enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR(ERIC-PCR)and multiple locus VNTRs analysis(MLVA),and sequencingbased techniques centering on multilocus sequence typing(MLST),clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISP)and whole genome sequencing(WGS).All the three categories of techniques are characterized by the advantages of high sensitivity,good repeatability and accurate results,which helps to reveal the transmission relationship of hosts and regions among different Salmonella.For the purpose of accurate typing of Salmonella,one or several of these techniques could be used or combined according to laboratory conditions and research needs in practice due to their respective limitations to different extents.Here,domestic and foreign research progress on the three categories of techniques was summarized,aiming to provide a reference for the monitoring,risk assessment,traceability and early warning of Salmonella in food.

关 键 词：沙门菌 分型技术 PFGE PCR 测序 MLST 

分 类 号：S852.23[农业科学—基础兽医学]